Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In
those days, boxers fought with bare fists for prize money. Because of
this, they were known as ‘prizefighters’. However, boxing was very crude,
for there were no rules and a prizefighter could be seriously injured or
even killed during a match.
One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza,
who was born in 1764. The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860,
when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules. Though he
was technically a prizefighter, Mendoza did much to change crude
prizefighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game. In his
day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. He was adored by rich and poor
alike.
Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match when he was only
fourteen years old. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who
was then (= at that time) the most eminent boxer in England. He offered to
train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza
soon became so successful that Humphries turned against him. The two men
quarreled争吵 bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be
settled by a fight. A match was held at Stilton, where both men fought for
an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was
defeated. Mendoza met Humphries in the ring on a later occasion and he
lost for a second time. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he
finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. Meanwhile, he
founded a highly successful Academy and even Lord Byron became one of his
pupils. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as ￡100 for
a single appearance. Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was
always in debt. After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson,
he was quickly forgotten. He was sent to prison for failing to pay his
debts and died in poverty in 1836.
New words and expressions
boxing 拳击
boxer 拳击手
bare 赤裸的
prizefighter 职业拳击手
crude 粗野的
marquis 侯爵
technically 技术上而言
science 科学
popularity 名望
adore 爱戴
alike 一样地
fame 名声
eminent 著名的
bitterly 厉害地
bet (bet, bet) 打赌
academy 专业学校
extravagant 浪费的（贬义）
poverty 贫困
Notes on the text
l race（速度）比赛
├contest（能力）赛
└match比赛
speech contest演讲赛
┌have nothing on没穿衣
├naked （忌）
├nude 裸体的
├undressed没穿衣
└bare赤裸的（可某一部分）
The girl stood in the rain bare headed.
头上没带帽
with bare fists赤手空拳
bare footed光脚
The wall is bare of any kind of ornaments.
无任何装饰物
l rude无理→crude粗野的
├vicious歹毒的
├evil邪恶的
└brufal残暴的
The singer enjoys tremendous popularity.
l these days最近
└In those days当时
For this reason
代替Because of this
l 补充习语
1. Don’t bother. 不麻烦你了
2. Oval office政府，政治中心
＝White House
3. do all the talking我来交涉
4. He lost heart. 失去信心
5. Just as I thought.正如我所料
6. high roller挥金如土的人（卷袖高的人）
7. hot air吹牛，屁话
8. Be my guest随便点，
补Help yourself的不足
9. cold fish冷淡的人
10. small talk聊天chat太随意了
l rash鲁莽的
└merciless无情的
love ┐
respect ┴＝adore爱戴
He was adored by rich and poor alike.
adoring look爱戴的目光
┌popularity名望，受欢迎
├fame名、fortune利
├renown v.n.闻名的
└reputation名声
good reputation
bad reputation
This actress enjoys enormous popularity.
l I bet it snows tomorrow.
├You bet = You’re right.
└make a bet on sth.打赌
┌That’s right. /Okay我赞成，同意
├That’s it.
├That’s for sure.
├I’m for you.
├I’m with you.
├You said it.你说到了（表同意）
└You can say that again.
你说的对，你说的在理
l academic学术的
└academy专业学校
┌wasteful浪费的
├excessive过分的
├unduly adv.过分地
└extreme极端的
l in prosperity在富贵中
├in poverty贫困中
├in health
└in sickness
draw up起草
do much to做了很多工作
change A into B
He does much to change English learning into the enjoyment of language,
for he brought art to the class.
rise to fame名声鹊起
be quick to learn学的很快
l turn down拒绝refuse
├turn up出现
├turn again反目成仇
└turn to求助于
┌beat sb. ┐
├defeat sb. ┼打败
├win over sb. ┘
└convince sb.说服
l in the case of在…情况下
├under various circumstance
├in the situation
└on another occasion在另一场合
on the outskirt在郊区
It was not until his graduation in 1980 that he realized that he hadn’t
mastered English.掌握
Exercise
*so long no see好久不见
*for one so young = for one who is so young
1. In those days, they called boxers ‘prizefighters’ because they fought
with bare fists for prize money.
2. A prizefighter could suffer a serious injury or even be killed during
a…
3. Mendoza did a great deal to change boxing into a sport.
4. He was so extravagant that he always owed people money.
5. One of the most vivid personalities in boxing history was…
*personality体育运动员
6. – after a boxing match at the exceptionally young age of fourteen.
*marvelously精彩的
*singly简单的
*exceptionally特别的
*unequally不平等的
7. Mendoza’s rise to fame was noted by Richard Humphries.
8. Humphries soon became jealous of Mendoza’s success.
*jealous of嫉妒
9. Mendoza finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England.
Lesson 22 By heart
Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. In many ways,
this is unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on
repeating the same lines night after night. One would expect them to know
their parts by heart and never have cause to falter. Yet this is not
always the case并不总是这样.
A famous actor in a highly successful play was once cast in the role of an
aristocrat who had been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years. In
the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage with a letter
which he would hand to the prisoner. Even though the noble was expected to
read the letter at在活动中 each performance, he always insisted that it should
be written out in full.
One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out
if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of
the letter by heart. The curtain went up on the final act of the play and
revealed the aristecrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell. Just
then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter in his hands. He
entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat. But the copy
he gave him had not been written out in full as usual. It was simply a
blank sheet of paper. The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to see if his
fellow actor had at last learnt his lines. The noble stared at盯 the blank
sheet of paper for a few seconds. Then, squinting转 his eyes, he said: ‘The
light is dim. Read the letter to me.’ And he promptly handed the sheet of
paper to the gaoler. Finding that he could not remember a word of the
letter either也, the gaoler replied: ‘The light is indeed实在是 dim, sire. I
must get my glasses.’ With this说着, he hurried off the stage. Much to the
aristocrat’s amusement, the gaoler returned a few moments later with a
pair of glasses and the usual copy of the letter which he proceeded to
read to the prisoner.
New words and expressions
run (run, run) 连映
lines 台词
part 剧中的角色
falter 结巴说
cast(cast, cast) 选派…扮演角色
role 角色
aristocrat 贵族
imprison 关押
gaoler 监狱长
colleague 同事
curtain 幕布
reveal 使显露
cell 单人监房
blank 空白的
squint 眯（眼）看
dim 昏暗
sire 陛下（古用法）
proceed 继续进行
Notes on the text
l run out(short) of用光了
├running nose流鼻涕
├running water自来水
├run for竞选
│run away with私奔
└＝elope
The play has run for years.
┌on the line在接电话
├drop me a line来封信
└line up排列
play a ___ ┬part in…
谁在…起 └role着作用
┌a great
├a important重要的
├a tremendous了不起的
└a peculiar奇特的
cast┬铸造bronze
├抛弃cast a fly钓鱼
└被扮演角色
He was cast in the role of a ghost.
l have a heart…发发善心吧
├take sth. to heart认真对待
├lose one’s heart to sb./sth.倾心
└by heart背下，记住
┌on and off时断时续地
└on end连续不断地
go on doing持续做某事
never have cause to do…没有理由做…，绝不能…
This is not the case at all. 情况根本不是这样
l imprison关押
├empower赋于力量
└enlighten启发
┌workmate工友
├co-worker工友
├colleague同事
└fellow worker搭档
┌peer眯着眼看
├peep窥视
└squint眯眼（动作）
┌dim figure模糊的身影
├gloomy阴沉的（天气）
├dusky昏暗的
└darky
proceed = continue
= begin to do
jump┬on to…方向
└onto…动作（短）
l come on
1快点；2挑衅→过来；3不满（下降）生气；4加油；5撒娇；
l I insist you (should) leave now.
I suggest the letter be written now.
虚拟语气：
下列动词后的“宾语从句”中需要用虚拟形式，即should＋动词原形，should在美国英语中要省略（TOEFL语法考点）。动词有：order,
ask, decide, demand(要求), require(要求), recommend(推荐), suggest(建议),
insist(坚决要求), advise, etc.
He suggested that we (should) help them with English.
The teacher ordered that the homework (should) be finished within half an
hour.
l Don’t pull my leg.别逗我(口)
├play a joke on sb.(书)开玩笑
└play a trick on sb. (书)
learn sth. by heart背下来
Just then就在那时
present sth. to sb.尊敬地递给
l look on旁观
├on-looker旁观者
├pass by经过，路过
└passer-by过路人
┌be anxious to do可放在句中
└be afraid of doing任何地方
He got up early, afraid of being late.
, anxious to go out.
l With this, 说着
├With these, 说着，说着…
└At this, 听到这些
To my surprise, he finished the novel within 3 hours.
in＋时间表“之后”
Much to my surprise, 比上面强，不能用“very”
l in the street（英）
├on the street（美）
├in the campus（英）学校
└on the campus（美）
Exercise
*gist大意（在阅读题目中）
*He laughs best, who laughs last.
谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好
*Speech is silver, but silence is golden.
善辩是银，沉默是金
*Look before you leap.三思而后行
*Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.不要过份对成果报希望
*plight（不轻啊）苦难
1. A gaoler would come on stage with a letter to deliver to the prisoner.
2. He always insisted on its being written out in full.
3. – to find out if he knew the contents of the letter by heart.
*find out后跟一般过去时
4. But he gave him a copy which had not been written out in full.
*a copy to him
5. But neither could the gaoler remember a word of the letter, so he
replied…
6. The gaoler decided to play a trick on his colleague.
*play the fool of取笑
*make fun of嘲笑
*play a trick on开玩笑
7. He wanted to see if his fellow actor had finally learnt his lines.
*in the end（只放在句首句尾）
事情发展的最终
8. Then, peering about him, he said,…
*peering about斜眼看
*blinking眨眼
*staring at
9. Agreeing that the light was dim, the gaoler said he would get his
glasses.
*spoke to sb / out说出
不能加句子
*rejoined反驳
Lesson 23 One man’s meat is another man’s poison
People become quite illogical when try to decide what can be eaten and
what cannot be eaten. If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you
would consider octopus a great delicacy. You would not be able to
understand why some people find it repulsive. On the other hand, your
stomach would turn at the idea of想到 frying potatoes in animal fat – the
normally accepted practice吃法 in many northern countries. The sad truth
is让人遗憾的是 that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we
stick to them all our lives.
No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden
snail. Cooked in wine, snails are a great luxury in various parts of the
world. There are countless people who, ever since自…以来 their early years,
have learned to associate snails with food. My friend, Robert, lives in a
country where snails are despised. As由于 his flat is in a large town, he
has no garden of his own. For years he has been asking me to collect
snails from my garden and take them to him. The idea never appealed to me
very much, but one day, after a heavy shower, I happened to be walking in
my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some
of my prize plants. Acting on a sudden impulse, I collected several
dozen几十个, put them in a paper bag, and took them to Robert. Robert was
delighted to see me and equally pleased with my little gift. I left the
bag in the hall and Robert and I went into the living room where we talked
for a couple of hours. I had forgotten all about一切 the snails when Robert
suddenly said that I must stay to dinner. Snails would, of course, be the
main dish. I did not fancy the idea and I reluctantly followed Robert out
of the room. To our dismay惊愕, we saw that there were snails everywhere:
they had escaped from the paper bag and had taken complete possession of
the hall! I have never been able to look at a snail since then.
New words and expressions
poison 毒药
illogical 不合逻辑的
octopus 章鱼
delicacy 佳肴
repulsive 令人反感的
stomach 胃
turn 翻胃
fry 油炸
fat （动物、植物）油
abuse 责骂
snail 蜗牛
luxury 奢侈品
associate 联想到
despise 鄙视
appeal 引起兴致
shower 阵雨
stroll 溜达
impulse 冲动
dozen 一打
fancy 喜爱
Notes on the text
Fancy meeting you here.
l 人名（女）
Hellen美神
Jamie“我爱”（法）感性顽皮
Jessica“财富”（希伯来）
l poison sb. 毒死某人
├poisonous有毒的，含有毒素的
├venom毒液
├toxic含有毒成分的
├polluted污染的
└gas毒气，汽油（美）
┌octopus章鱼
├shark鲨鱼，高利贷者
├whale鲸鱼
└herring鳕鱼
l delicious好吃的
├delicacy n.佳肴
├sweet甜的
├spicy味重的
└tasty味道好的
l repulsive恶心（跟胃有关的）
├disgusting恶心（短时的感觉）
├boring（时间长）
├tedious冗长的
└sick恶心（表极度讨厌）
You make me sick.
┌I’m sick.病了
└I feel sick.感到恶心
My stomach would turn at the idea of this kind of food.反胃
l You have abused my bicycle.滥用，不珍惜
├abuse one’s power滥用职权
└abuse sb.漫骂
┌extravagant浪费
└luxury奢侈品
People become quite unreasonable when we try to decide what can be done
and what cannot be done.
l medium中间
├territory地区，地域
├ocean海洋
└→Mediterranean地中海
If you live in Beijing you would consider（食物）a great delicacy.
l 可放句尾
├for change换换中味
├for free免费地
├for sale待售
├for good永远的
└for fun为了好玩
I wanna a job for change.
┌play soccer足球
├play tennis
├play baseball
└play cricket板球
乐器加the球不加the因乐器更珍贵，不与人共用
l 重点语言点find
I find that he is not responsible.负责任
I find the movie interesting.
I find it an important factor.因素
I find out＋句子（我发现，我认为）
l The sad truth is＋从句（让人遗憾的是）
The good truth is that…
┌for example由下代替
├say,
└so to speak,
No farmer has known经历 more joys and sorrows悲伤 than my father.
┌refuse /z/ 拒绝refusal n.
└refuse /s/ 废品 n.
┌arrive v.
└arrival n.
Cooking in the kitchen, my brother was singing a song.
They come from various parts of the world.
l 补充习语
1. Have you got the picture?
你明白了吗？
2. You have my word.相信我吧
3. I will see to it.我会留意的
4. You are most understanding.
你真的善解人意
5. He has cold feet.腿吓软了
6. I’m itching for sth. 痒痒
I’m dying for…很想去…
7. I’ve got the clues.线索
我明白些了
8. I’m flattered.我受庞若惊
9. keep fit.保持健康
10. Boys will be boys.本性难改，孩子就是孩子
l It reminds me of my childhood.使想起
I always associate联想 Beijing with China.
l despise鄙视＝discount
├look down on sb.瞧不起（口）
├pour scorn on极力讽刺
├sneer at斜视
└discount轻视
l appeal引起兴致
American movies appeal to me.我喜欢…
Your idea never appeal to me.可用于抽象
l stroll→street rool
└溜达→在街上滚
I fancy your idea.喜欢
I was caught in the rain.淋雨
l as ever象往常一样
└as usual通常
feel bored of讨厌
Please warp it up in newspaper.包起来…
shop of his own = his own shop
I happened to be walking…
happen后加不定式“碰巧做…”
when放中间无逗号表“就在那时”＝the moment＋句子
l one or two一两个
├a couple of两三个
├a few几个
├more than 10十几个
├tens of（非正式）十几个
├decade十个
└several dozen (of)几十个
┌It’s my pleasure to do sth.
├It’s my honor to do sth.（正式）
├Nice to do.
├I’m delighted to see you.
└I’m very pleased with your gift.见到礼物非常高兴
I know all about the writer.一切
┌little gift小礼物
└small gift钻石类
l dine out出去吃
├go Dutch各付各帐
├fifty fifty五五分成
└It’s my treat.我请了
┌main dish主菜
└cold dish冷菜
┌Follow me, please.
├This way, please.
└After you.
take complete possession of完全占有
（不指全部空间）
不＝occupy占据
┌the idea of一想到
└the sight of一看到
He stayed up没睡 all night yesterday, little thinking没想到that he was in very
bad health.
Exercise
*little thinking没有想到
1. People are quite illogical when it comes to deciding what…
*it comes to doing开始做某事
*come to do除上面用法只加do
2. Most of us have been brought up to eat certain kinds of food.
3. No creature has been praised or abused more often than…
4. Having left the bag in the hall, I accompanied Robert into the living
room.
*Robert and I went也可
5. We saw the snails escape from the paper bag…
6. On the other hand, you would feel sick at the idea…
*feel sick感到恶心
7. Snails would, of course, be the main course.
*course菜
*seven course丰盛的一顿饭
8. – I went into the living room where we talked for two hours or so.
*round the clock整天
*two hours or so大约
9. There are numerous people, who…
*numerable可数的情的
*numerous非常多的
*numerical数字的
*numbered注上编码的
Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard
We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has
some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years.
The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of
situation. The terrible secret is called ‘a skeleton in the cupboard’. At
some dramatic moment in the story, the terrible secret becomes known and a
reputation is ruined. The reader’s hair stands on end when he reads in the
final pages of the novel that the heroine, a dear old lady who had always
been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned毒死 every one of her
five husbands.
It is all very for such things to occur(=happen) in fiction. To varying
degrees, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends
to learn, but few of us have skeletons in the cupboard. The only person I
know who has a skeleton in the cupboard is George Carlton, and he is very
proud of the fact. George studied medicine in his youth. Instead of没有
becoming a doctor, however, he became a successful writer of detective
stories. I once spent an uncomfortable weekend which I shall never forget
at his house. George showed me to the guestroom which, he said, was rarely
used. He told me to unpack my things and then come down to dinner. After I
had stacked装 my shirts and underclothes in two empty drawers, I decided to
hang one of the two suits I had brought with me in the cupboard. I opened
the cupboard door and then stood in front of it petrified. A skeleton was
dangling before my eyes. The sudden movement of the door make it sway
slightly and it gave me the impression印象 that it was about to即将 leap out
at me. Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George. This was
worse than ‘a terrible secret’; this was a real skeleton! But George was
unsympathetic. ‘Oh, that,’ he said with a smile as if仿佛 he were talking
about an old friend. ‘That’s Sebastian. You forget that I was a medical
student once upon a time.’
New words and expressions
skeleton 骷髅，素描
seemingly 表面上地
respectable 受人尊重的
conceal 隐藏
vivid 生动的
dramatic 扣人心弦的
ruin 毁坏（名誉等），使破产
heroine 女主人公
fiction 小说
varying 不同的
medicine 医学的
guestroom 客房
unpack 取出
stack （整齐地）堆放
underclothes 内衣
drawer 抽屉
petrify 使惊呆
dangle 悬挂
sway 摇摆
unsympathetic 无动于衷的
medical 医学的
Notes on the text
A skeleton in the cupboard（英）
＝closet（美）家丑
Don’t wash your dirty linen（内衣）.别自爆其丑
seemingly important表面重要
l The ② young man respects the ③ old man.
①respecting（无此型）
②respectful尊重他人的
③respectable受人尊重的
He concealed the fact that he was married.
l flesh-and-blood有血有肉的
├realistic真实的
├vivid生动的
├colorful多彩的
├lively /ai/ 鲜活的，生动的
└active活泼的
live broadcasting现场广播
picturesque活灵活现的
l dramatic扣人心弦的
└drastic急剧的
We often read in novels how a poor man succeeded in getting rich.
The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of
situation.
hair stands on end竖立恐惧
My hair stands on end at the news of his death.
in my youth=when I was young
l 经典口语
1. Just be yourself. = relax放松点
2. They are playing house.= cohabit同居
3. No cutting in our conversation
= Don’t interrupt me别打断我
4. He is out with flu. 感冒没上班
5. The TV play is just a waste of time.
电视剧浪费我的时间
6. You look a little down.你的情绪不高
7. Are you going to be around.你想出去走走吗
How nice of you.你真好
It’s very nice of you to say so.你一张好嘴
l ruin sb. reputation毁…名誉
hero, Negro, potato, tomato复数需加“es”
┌detective story侦探小说
├essay散文
├novel小说
├poem诗
├article未发表的文章
└fiction小说
l various各种各样的
├varying不同的
├variable变化多端的
└varied不同的，已经变的
medicine药品，医学，医生
┌guesthouse宾馆
├inn客栈
├motel汽车旅馆
└Holiday Inn假日酒店
┌underwear内衣
├underclothes
└brief（男）内衣，简单明了
l panic惊慌的
├dismay惊愕的
├shocked震惊的
└petrify惊呆了
I’m in panic.
To one’s dismay.
l Don’t keep me dangling.别吊我胃口
dangle悬挂
sway ┐
swing ┴摇摆
l indifferent ┐
├I don’t care ┴不在乎
└unsympathetic（强烈）无动于衷的
┌intimate friend ┐
└closest friend ┴密友
I’m proud of you all.为你自豪
Let me show you around.到处转转
show sb. to＋地点=参观
l stay to dinner表目的to
└come down to dinner
┌pile堆（无规律）
└stack堆放（整齐）
I arrived in Shanghai excited / exhausted.补充主语状态（分词）
He stood in the rain bare-headed and bare-footed.
l impression印象
I was deeply impressed by your perfect performance.很深印象
It gave me an impression that the guy is kind to everybody.表示给我一种印象，实际并非
leave sb. an impression留下真实的印象
He always lives under the impression that he is a saint（圣徒）.
l shoot at瞄准某人
├shoot sb.射死
├be mad at对…生气
└aim at目的
He said with a smile as if仿佛 he were talking about his old friend.
You forget现在时 that I was your classmate.
l 文化：Traveling in the U.S.A
1. Air Travel: “round ticket”往返票 “one-way ticket”单程票
2. airlines: Northwest西北 /
Unite联合
3. Check in: smoking /
unsmoking seat
4. City-buses: tokeas辅币 /
transfers转换证
5. long-distance Bus: Grey hound (toilet) transfer for free免费转换
Lesson 25 The Cutty Sark
One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty
Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich. She stands on dry land and is
visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive
reminder of the great ships of the past. Before they were replaced by
steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea
from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest
sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her
was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th,
1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly
four mouths, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great
tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the
Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead. It
seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race
she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm
during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to
side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was mad on
board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This
greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she
traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of
this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the Equator, the
captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the
Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was
fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win.
She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was
remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. There is no doubt
that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.
New words and expressions
impressive 给人深刻印象的
steamship 蒸汽轮船
vessel 大木船
era 时期，时代
rudder 舵
roll 颠簸，摇摆
steer 掌握方向
temporary 临时的
plank 大块木板
fit 安装
Equator 赤道
delay 耽误
Notes on the text
I have a very nice impression of Beijing.
l dinghy救生筏（两三人）
├lifeboat救生船
├destroyer驱逐舰
├submarine潜水艇
├aircraft carrier航母
└motor ship摩托艇
┌era时代new era
├information age
├Internet age
└hard times艰难岁月
Never walk in anyone’s shadow.走自己的路
l medical students
└medical workers医务工作者
social student研究社会学的学生
l eye-catching抢眼的
├notable ┬引人注意的
├noticeable ┘
└striking吸引人的
┌steer clear of = avoid避开
└steer掌握方向
┌install装（空调、软件）
├fit安上
└fix修理后安装
l without delay没有耽误
└so many delays耽误许多
┌at Oxford用at不是in
└at Greenwich格林威志
l serve as被用作
She serves as a teacher.
This book serves as a weapon.
The sound made by bird can serve as language.
The picture serves as an impressive reminder of my miserable（苦难的）
childhood.
l 标志…的开始…的结束
It marked the beginning of…and the end of…
It marked the beginning of a new era.
l take the lead领先
┌It seems that
├It seems certain that
└看起来确实无疑的
I will take bus home.
Road home.回家的路
┌Wish you good luck.
└a lot of bad luck
l be struck by被击中
┌heavy storm雨雪都用此表大
├wild wind狂风
└strong wind强风
┌tear away撕开
├tear up撕碎
└tear off撕下来
It became impossible to steer the ship.变得
on board在船上
with great difficulty = 副词
l He has danger（错误的表达）
There is a danger that he will fail to pass the exam.
There is a danger that if you don’t work harder you’ll fail to reach your
goal.目标
┌call in at a port让船停在港口
└call in a doctor叫医生
considering + ┬名词
考虑到 └that句子
Considering his great age.
Considering that he is a boy.
l here and there到处
├to and from来来往往
┕up and down到处，来回
┌from side to side
├neck to neck并驾齐驱
├hand in hand手拉手
└shoulder by shoulder肩并肩
Lesson 26 Wanted: a large biscuit tin
No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. Much as we may pride
ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we
wants, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us. In their efforts
to persuade us to buy this or that product, advertisers have made a close
study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.
Advertisers discovered years ago that all of us love to get something for
nothing免费的. An advertisement which begins with the magic word FREE can
rarely go wrong. These days, advertisers not only offer free samples, but
free cars, free houses, and free trips round the world as well. They
devise hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of
money. Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to
capture the attention of millions of people in this way.
During a radio programme, a company of biscuit manufacturers once asked
listeners to bake biscuits and send them to their factory. They offered to
pay $10 a pound for the biggest biscuit baked by a listener. The response
to this competition was tremendous. Before long很快, biscuits of all shapes
and sizes began arriving at the factory. One lady brought in a biscuit on
a wheelbarrow. It weighted nearly 500 pounds. A little later一会儿, a man
came along with a biscuit which occupied占据 the whole boot of his car. All
the biscuits that were sent were carefully weighed. The largest was 713
pounds. It seemed certain that this would win the prize. But just before
the competition closed, a lorry arrived at the factory with a truly
colossal biscuit which weighed 2,400 pounds. It had been baked by a
college student who had used over 1,000 pounds of flour, 800 pounds of
sugar, 200 pounds of fat, and 400 pounds of various other ingredients. It
was so heavy that a crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry. The
manufacturers had to pay more money than they had anticipated. For they
bought the biscuit from the student for $24,000.
New words and expressions
influence 影响
pride 骄傲
taste 鉴赏力
exert 施加
subtle 微妙的
advertiser 广告人
classify 分类
magic 有奇妙作用的
sample 样品
devise 设计，想出
capture 吸引
manufacturer 制造商
wheelbarrow 独轮手推车
boot 行李箱
ingredient 配料
crane 起重机，鹤
anticipate 预期
Notes on the text
l 补充口语习语
1. cross my heart.说真心话
It crosses my heart.
2. Let’s make up.让我们和解的
3. I got the runs yesterday.我昨天拉肚子
4. Why not?=Ok为什么不,表肯定
5. He put his foot in his mouth.
乱说话，满嘴跑舌头
6. know sb. like a book 对…了如指掌
7. stop one’s fun让…不再快乐
l 背诵
1．原始－＞死背
听背法、看背法（翻译）、主干背、大段复述只背句型结构
2．斜看书－＞脑背
l affect影响（负面）
├care much about关注
├mean a lot对…意义重大
├make great difference巨大影响
├make no difference没有影响
└exert influence on施加影响
affect one’s mood情绪
My mother cares much about me.
He means a lot to me.
His arrival makes great difference to me.
l take pride in (me)为…自豪
＝be proud of
I pride myself on my good taste.
l exert汉语中的施加都可用它
├exert pressure on压力
├exert influence on
└exert fascination on魔力，魅力
┌fascination奇妙的
├miraculous奇谈般的
├amazing让人惊奇的
├fantastic妙不可言的
└magic奇妙的
l maternal love母爱
No one can avoid being influenced by maternal love.
l 倒装
1. as引导让步状语从句倒装
Rich as he is, he spends a cent on charity.
Try as he does, he never seems able to do the work beautifully.
as都可译为“尽管”
2. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free
to choose the things we want.尽管我们为自己的绝好鉴赏力感到自豪，但我们已经无法自由地选择我们所需要的东西了。
l In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product, they have
made a close study of human nature.
l 人名（男）：
David被爱的人
Donald世界之王
Richard勇敢的人
John上帝的礼物
Alan英俊的人
Victor胜利者
Adam红色的土
George农夫
Henry贵族
Peter岩石
Francis自由
Lewis保护者
l design（具体） ┬设计
├devise（抽象） ┘
├plot to do谋划
├scheme to do密谋
└conceive构思
capture one’s attention
┌manufacturer人
└人工 工厂 制造商
l element元素（抽象）
├factor因素
├fraction小部分
└component组成成份
l ingredient配料
└放里面给他减肥，吃
┌anticipate预料
├foresee预见
├forecast预报
├predict预计
└foreknow预知
made a remarkable discovery
└取代discovered发现
l for花（钱）
I bought a house for 5,000 dollars.
for nothing免费
l rarely go wrong
└be very effective
These days = Nowadays 当前
l not only后的动词与but后动词一样时，后可省；不同则不省
He not only offers me a free car, but helps me to solve the big
problem.（解决）
l sth enables sb to do sth
└使…能…
The class enables me to feel bored.（烦）
Radio and TV have enable advertisers to…
l roast（肉死它）烧的冒烟
└bake烤
┌不久
├very soon
├Before long,
├In no time
└After a while
a little later一会儿，不久
It’s not long before＋句子
＝before long, ＋句子
building of all shapes and sizes大大小小各种形状
┌Is this seat taken / occupied?
└座位有人吗？
truly colossal（正式）= really
┌various other ingredients
└other是粘合性词紧连在名词前
Lesson 27 Nothing to sell and nothing to buy
It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of
this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by
selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be
possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is
extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which
people perform for us. There are times有时候 when we would willingly give
everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a
surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely (=exactly) this service. The
conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same
way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.
Tramps流浪汉 seem to be the only exception to his general rule. Beggars
almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse引起 the pity of passers-by.
But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require
nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice牺牲
their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask
you to feel sorry for同情 him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life
he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. He may never be sure
where the next meal is coming from, but he is free form the thousands of
anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it
possible使可能 for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to
sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of
us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally偶尔 to keep himself
alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will
never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of tramps with带着 contempt and
put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say
that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and
their freedom from care?
New words and expressions
philosopher 哲学家
wisdom 智慧
priest 牧师
spiritual 精神上的
grudge 不愿给
surgeon 外科大夫
passer(s)-by 过路人
dignity 尊严
deliberately 故意地
consequence 后果
afflict 使精神苦恼
ease 容易
nature 自然，本质
contempt 蔑视
envious 嫉妒的
Notes on the text
l philosophy 哲学
├psychology心理学
├sociology社会学
├archaeology考古学
└zoology动物学
l intelligent聪明的
├bright伶俐的
├clever机灵的
├smart聪明的
├wisdom智慧
└discernment洞察力
l manual体力上的
└spiritual精神上的
He grudges paying those who help him.不愿付钱
afford付得起
┌physician内科大夫
└surgeon外科大夫
l grown-ups
├on-lookers
├passers-by
├woman-teacher
└(women-teacher)
He came here so later on purpose.故意的
He murdered the child intentionally.蓄意的
┌In the light of根据
└in terms of按照…说法
in view of按…观点
considering根据 ┬n.
└that…
According to根据
Considering that you are boy, I spared you.挠了你
l passion激情
├love
├knowledge
├thought
└wisdom
perform service for sb. (give)服务需要表演出来
There are times when…有时候
l fee费
├prize（可抽象）high prize
├tuition学费
├expense花销
└cost成本，开支
fee parking lot收费停车场
His nature is such that we disbelieve him.就是这样
l ending结局（故事）
├effect效果，（因）果
├result（发展的）后果
├outcome（最终的）结果
└consequence（事进展到最终）后果
Consequently,… ┐
As a result,… ┴结果，…
, he failed again
┌conflict→冲突
├afflict→使苦恼（精神）
├torment使痛苦（肉体上）
├torture虐待
└annoy使困扰
l ease舒畅
├ease of mind舒畅的心情
├I’m at ease很轻松
└with ease = easily
┌be jealous of嫉妒（贬义）
├feel jealous of（同上）
└be envious of（褒）羡慕
┌green-eye嫉妒
└red-eye愤怒
l 补充习语
1. have one’s head full(脑)忙死了
I’m tied up.忙
I’m beat.累（身体）
I’m exhausted.累（体力）
2. black-letter day凶日
black Friday
3. blue Monday / love
不开心的星期一/忧郁的爱
4. red-letter day大吉大利
5. gray hairs老年人
6. brown sugar红糖
brown paper牛皮纸
7. white night不眠之夜
8. white war经济上的战争
white lie善意的谎言
9. lose ground后退，撤退
10. sitcom美国的室内情景剧
└opera戏剧
l pay sb. ＋钱数
precisely = exactly
A is the only exception to this general rule.对…是个例外
arouse the pity of sb.引起…的同情
┌On doing一做某事…
├While doing正在做某事
└In doing在做某事过程中
┌ask sb. for sth.
└ask sb. to do sth.
I’m fully aware of the consequence.完全意识到结果
I’m free form worry.一点不担心
┌anxious焦虑的
└anxiety焦虑
from place to place从这到那
l By doing通过做某事
By sleeping in the open, he can get closer to Nature.睡在露天
keep oneself alive让自己活下来
in times of real need真正需要的时候
┌be free from care无忧无虑的
├be freedom from care
└(n.)无忧无虑
l 文化：美国娱乐（电视）
1. Soup Opera连续剧
2. Talk Show有名主持人的节目
3. Sitcom (8-9P.M.)
Situation Comedy情景喜剧
4. Cable TV有线电视
5. Game Show智力竞赛
6. Home Shopping Club电视购物
7. TV dinner快餐食品
pop corn爆米花
8. ABC叛国广播公司
NBC国家广播公司
CBS哥伦比亚广播公司
Lesson 28 Five pounds too dear
Small boats loaded with wares sped to the great liner as(=while) she was
entering the harbour. Before she had anchored, the men from the boats had
climbed on board and the decks were soon covered with colourful rugs form
Persia, silks from India, copper coffee pots, and beautiful handmade
silverware. It was difficult not to be tempted. Many of the tourists on
board had begun bargaining with the tradesmen, but I decided not to（表否定）
buy anything until I had disembarded.
I had no sooner got off the ship than I was assailed by a man who wanted
to sell me a diamond ring. I had no intention of buying one, but I could
not conceal the fact that I was impressed by the size of the diamonds.
Some of them were as big as marbles. The man went to great lengths to
prove that the diamonds were real. As we were walking past a shop, he held
a diamond firmly against the window and made a deep impression in the
glass. It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.
The next man to approach me was selling expensive pens and watches. I
examined one of the pens closely. It certainly looked genuine真的. At the
base of the gold cap, the words ‘made in the U.S.A.’ had been neatly
inscribed. The man said that the pen was worth ￡50, but as a special
favour, he would let me have it for ￡30. I shook my head and held up five
fingers indicating表明 that I was willing to pay ￡5. Gesticulating wildly,
the man acted as if he found my offer outrageous, but he eventually
reduced the price to ￡10. shrugging my shoulders耸肩, I began to walk away
when, a moment later, he ran after me and thrust the pen into my hands.
Though he kept throwing up his arms in despair, he readily accepted the ￡5
I gave him. I felt especially pleased with my wonderful bargain – until I
got back to the ship. No matter how hard I tried, it was impossible to
fill this beautiful pen with ink and to this day it has never written a
single word!
New words and expressions
wares 货物，商品
anchor 停航下锚
deck 甲板
silverware 银器
tempt 吸引
bargain 讨价还价
disembark 下船上岸
assail 纠缠
marble 玻璃球，大理石
inscribe 雕，刻（文字）
favour 好处，优惠
gesticulate （说话时）打手势
outrageous 出人预料的
thrust 硬塞给
Notes on the text
l wares运输过程中的货
├goods（商店中的）货品
├articles物品
├merchandise商品
├commodity（抽象）商品概念
└cargo货
l onboard在船上
├deck甲板
└on the deck
┌silverware银器
└goldware金器
l temptation吸引
├seduce唆使
├lure诱饵
├appeal to吸引
└bewitch迷惑
I seduce sb. into doing sth.唆使…做…
tempt（人）诱惑（人）
bargain over仔细考虑
＝think over
l assail（静）缠
└pester sb. to do sth.缠
I was assailed with a lot of work.
Could you do me favor?可以帮我吗？
outrageous（范围）出人预料的
bite咬→bait诱饵 /ei/
speed to快速驶向
l while ┬正在进行时
├as ┘
└when“当…的时候”
┌rug小地毯
└carpet大地毯
It is difficult to win the game.
It is difficult not to be tempted by her beauty.
要想不被诱惑很难
make a decision to do sth.= decide to do
decide not to do决定（否定）
l no sooner…than…一…就…
└前接had done
I had no sooner got off than I was assailed.
I had no sooner got up than I turned on TV.
┌hardly…when…一…就…
└用法同no sooner…than…
l have no intention of doing不想做…
I have no intention of going aboard, but I can’t conceal the fact
that…不能掩饰的事实
l go to great lengths to do sth.滔滔不绝
get rid of摆脱
You should get rid of the bore.讨厌鬼
┌walk towards朝我走
├get close to接近
└approach靠近
l closely (adv.)（思想态度）认真的，密切的
├carefully小心地
├cautious紧慎
├earnestly认真的
└attentive关心的
┌It is as if…（跟人无关）好象
└He acted as if…（人）好象
keep doing不断做…
throw up挥舞
l No matter how hard I tried.无论我多努力
├How ever hard I tried.
├Mush as I tried.
└Try as I did.
l 都用现在完成时
├to this day直到今天
├Until now
├up to now
└so far至今为止
in his day
every single day表强调
l 补充习语
1. Canned laughter假笑，电视上配音的笑声
2. Catch fire发火
3. kick a habit改一个习惯（毛病）
4. fill sb’s shoes替职
5. cut sb’s throat断了…喉咙，毁了某人
6. over one’s head理解不了
7. play mind game玩心眼
Don’t play mind game.
8. snake in the grass草中的蛇，狡滑
I had a good night.睡的香
Lesson 29 Funny or not?
Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been
brought up. The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with紧紧连在一起
national characteristics. A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to
laugh at a Russian joke. In the same way同样, a Russian might fail to see
anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears.
Most funny stories are based on comic situations. In spite of national
differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal吸引力. No
matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say
(=for example), Charlie Chaplin’s early films. However, a new type of
humour, which stems largely from起源于 the U.S., has recently come into
fashion. It is called ‘sick humour’. Comedians base their jokes on tragics
situations like violent death暴死 or serious accidents. Many people find
this sort of joke distasteful. The following example of ‘sick humour’ will
enable you to judge for yourself自己做判断.
A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks
before Christmas. From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering
his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home. He dreaded having
to spend Christmas in hospital. Though the doctor did his best, the
patient’s recovery was slow. On Christmas Day, the man still had his right
leg in plaster. He spent a miserable悲惨的 day in bed thinking of all the fun
he was missing. The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by
telling him that his chances可能性 of being able to leave hospital in time
for New Year celebrations were good. The man took heart and, sure
enough果然, on New Year’s Eve he was able to hobble along to a party. To
compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a
little more than was good for him. In the process, he enjoyed himself
thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals. He was
still mumbling something about hospitals at the end of the party when he
slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg.
New words and expressions
largely 在很大程度上
comic 喜剧的
universal 普遍的
comedian 滑稽演员
distasteful 讨厌的
pester 纠缠
dread 惧怕
recovery 康复
plaster 熟石膏
console 安慰
hobble 瘸着腿走
compensate 补偿
mumble 喃喃而语
Notes on the text
l generally一般地
├mostly大多数的
├chiefly主要的
└largely很大程度上
┞for the most part
├by and large
├on the whole
└at large大体上
l fanny（有贬义）可笑
├amusing使人笑的
├ridiculous滑稽的
├comic可笑的，喜剧的
└humorous幽默的
┌comedy喜剧
├comedian喜剧演员
└clown小丑
l distasteful（有味道的）讨厌的
He pestered me to buy him a car.
He pestered me for a car.
Whether we like a food or not largely depends on we have been brought
up.长大
be bound up with紧紧连在一起
I find it easy to learn English.
┌In the same way
└Similarly同样地
┌laugh to tears笑出眼泪
└smile from ear to ear笑合不拢嘴
In spite of national differences, both Chinese and Americans share the
same love for peace.
In spite of cultural differences,…（文化）
l 美国的社会问题
1. Low Birth Weight出生重量减
2. Infant Mortality婴儿死亡率
3. Unmarried Teenager Birth未婚生子（轻少年）
4. Juvenile Arrest Rate少年犯逮捕率
5. Violent teen death暴力杀害的孩子
6. Single – parent family单亲家庭
7. not in school or working失业人员
l dread of doing害怕做…
├I dread of being late.
└I dread the thought of being home alone.
l Wish you soon recovery.尽快康复
I return to go good condition.
I regain strength.重获力量
I get well.我好了
I’m myself again.好了
I’m not myself today.身体不好
hobble along a road瘸腿走路
l whistle吹口哨
├whisper低声细语
├murmur咕咕噜噜
└mumble喃喃
come into fasion慰然成风
be taken to hospital被送往医院
l keep on doing不断地（有情感色彩）
└keep doing一直做
dread doing害怕做
l On Christmas Day
└at Christmas
Thinking of you.想到你
┌The following day,第二天
└The next day,
chance机会，可能性
└adj.可能的possible
good = great大
└在文章中一个good可译为大
┌New Year Celebration庆会
└New Year Resolutions誓愿
take heart鼓足劲头
hobble along to a party瘸腿参加会
l To do so为此（表目的）
└In doing so,在做此事过程中
unpleasant感观不舒服（都可用此表示不愉快）
He drank a little more than (that) was good for him.喝多了点
In the process在过程中
At that moment, I realized all of a sudden how much I needed my husband.
at the end of（万能）结尾
Exercises
1. The French, for instance, might find it hard to…
*the French指整体意义上的法国人
2. Most amusing stories are based on comic situations.
*most of“大部分”of之后必须有限定词the, these, those, my, your
*most直接加名词时为“多数的”
Most people haven’t understood the question.多数人还没理解
3. A man whose right leg had been broken was taken to hospital…
*句子主干是A man … was taken to hospital
空为定语从句
4. He had no sooner arrived there than he began pestering his doctor…
*见到no sooner找than一…就…
5. The man compensated for his unpleasant experiences in hospital by
drinking a little more than…
*题中需要一表方式的状语by doing表示通过…方式
6. Though the doctor did all he could…
*do one’s best
*do all one can
*do one’s utmost
*make every effort
*do all he could都表竭尽全力
7. The doctor comforted him by…
*comfort安慰
8. – and kept telling everyone to what extent he hated hospitals
*to what extent与how much意思相同表程度
*at great length极详细地，极周密地
*to one’s cost亲自体验到
9. He was still mumbling something to the same effect at the end…
*to the same effect相同，同样
He sent a letter and sent a fax to the same effect.发一封信并发一封内容相同的传真
Lesson 30 The death of a ghost
For years, villagers believed that Endley Farm was haunted. The farm was
owned by two brothers, Joe and Bob Cox. They employed a few farmhands, but
no one was willing to work there long. Every time a worker gave up his
job, he told the same story经历. Farm labourers said that they always woke
up to find that work had been done overnight. Hay had been cut and
cowsheds had been cleaned. A farm worker, who stayed up all night, claimed
to have seen a figure人 cutting corn in the moonlight. In time, it became
an accepted fact that the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that
did most of their work for them.
No one suspected认为是 that there might be someone else on the farm who had
never been seen. This was indeed the case. A short time ago, villagers
were astonished to learn that the ghost of Endley had died. Everyone went
to the funeral, for the ‘ghost’ was none other than正是 Eric Cox, a third
brother who was supposed to have died as a young man. After the funeral,
Joe and Bob revealed a secret which they had kept for over fifty years.
Eric had been the eldest son of the family, very much older than his two
brothers. He had been obliged to join the army during the Second World
War. As he hated army life, he decided to desert his regiment. When he
learnt that he would be sent abroad, he returned to the farm and his
father hid him until the end of the war. Fearing the authorities, Eric
remained in hiding after the war as well. His father told everybody that
Eric had been killed in action. The only other people who knew the secret
were Joe and Bob. They did not even tell their wives. When their father
died, they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding. All these years,
Eric had lived as a recluse. He used to过去常常 sleep during the day and work
at night, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of
Endley. When he died, however, his borthers found it impossible to keep
the secret any longer.
New word and expressions
labourer 劳动者
overnight 一夜间
hay 干草
corn 谷物
moonlight 月光
conscientious 尽职尽责的认真的
suspect 怀疑是
desert 开小差
regiment 团（军队）
action 战斗
recluse 隐士
Notes on the text
l peasant（职业）农民
├farmer农夫（农场中劳动）
├labourer工者（无固定职业）
└farm hands农场帮手
l overnight（不一定一晚）一夜（成名）
The singer rose to fame overnight.
┌corn玉米，谷物
└barn仓库（corn被buy回来）
My girlfriend and I swam in the moonlight.
l conscious意识的
└conscientious勤劳的
be conscious of意识到
l sceptical adj.充满怀疑的
├doubt v.对…表示怀疑（不相信）
└suspect怀疑是(This is fact)
suspect疑犯
This is a sceptical age.
There is no doubt,不用怀疑
I suspect that…
l desert the army军中开小差
His villa is haunted.（别墅）闹鬼，萦绕 /Rn/
His smiles still haunt my mind / memory / imagination.
No one was willing to work there long.
l one more time再来一下
├each time每次
├every time每一次
├once（过去时）曾经
├at one time曾几何时
├yet another time又一次
├for a second time又一次
├once again再一次
└time and time again一次次
I’m far from smoking.决不
Smoking is the last thing I will do.
（最不可能）决不做的事
I have given up smoking.
It’s the same old story.那是老调重谈
It’s a long story.说来话长
stay up all night一夜未睡
= white night
claim to have done宣称做过…
a perfect figure身材很美
l In time, 放句首译“一时间，最后”放中间表“及时”
└With time, 随着时间推移
suspect以为，认为是
This was indeed the case.情况确实如此
a short time age不久以前
l 否定词组肯定含义
├nothing but仅仅，只
├none other than正是
└no more than仅仅，不过
He’s none other than Mr.Wang.
He knows nothing beyond English.
只知道…(=but)
l brigade旅
└regiment团
┌fight打架
├action小规模战斗
├battle战役
├war战争
├raid袭击
├attack袭击
├assault打女的
└=attack insult污辱
Fearing my teacher, I dare not go to school.害怕…而不敢…
remain in hiding保持着藏
He died in poverty.死于（静态）
He was killed in action.
I think it my duty to protect the weak.责任，弱者
┌All these years这些年来
└For years, 数年
l be anxious to do
├be afraid of
├be aware of
└be unaware of没有意识到
The young man works very hard, unaware of his bad health.
把be去掉放句首做状语，后接名词或that从句
find it impossible to do发现不可能
l 经典口语习语
1. take one’s breath away太让人吃惊了
2. What’s all about? 怎么了？
3. That’s really something.真棒
4. be on edge（边缘）紧张
5. be chilled to the bone冻死啦
I’m frozen.
6. It came to nothing.不了了之
7. He is dead to the world.熟睡
pig-headed猪脑子
Exercises
*It never occurred to sb. that超级句型“某人从来没有想到…”
1. Farm labourers said that on waking up they would find work had been
done.
*on doing…, someone would do / will do表示“某人一干某事就常常会干…”
2. – employed a conscientious ghost, which did most of their work for
them.
*which did在句中做非限制性定语从句
3. As he hated life in the army, he decided to desert…
*“军队的生活”应理解为“在军队里的生活”life in the army而不是life of the army
4. – Eric had been killed while fighting with his regiment.
*while后可跟v-ing形式
*during后可能跟名词，通常与in换用：during / in the holiday
5. Joe and Bob were the only other people who knew the secret and did not
even tell their wives.
*主干是Joe … were…and did…
6. With time, it became an accepted fact…
*with time常用于句首，表示“最后，一时间”
*at the time当时
*on time准时
7. He was conscripted during the Second World War.
*recruit仅指招募军队、人员等，有时可以非法招募
*conscript正式用语，表示根据法律或宪法征兵，公对本国公民而言
8. All these years, Eric had lived the life of a hermit.
*the life of a hermit隐士般的生活
9. He used to work at night, never realizing that he had become the ghost
of Endley.
*原文中的be unaware of表示“没意识到，意识不到”，意思与never realize相同
*ignore (pay no attention to)表示忽视，也表示故意不注意“无视，不理睬”
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