对这次会议充满热切希望to nurture／hold fervent hopes about this session
介绍北京申办奥运会的情况to present Beijing's bid for the Olympic Games
国际奥委会评估团the IOC Evaluation Commission
举办一届出色的奥运会to organize an excellent Olympic Games
留下一份独特的遗产to hand down a unique heritage
坚决支持北京申办2008年奥运会to stand firmly behind Beijing in its bid for the 2008 Olympic
Games
中国崇尚奥林匹克精神。China embraces the Olympic spirit．
支持国际奥委会各项动议to be a staunch supporter behind the IOC initiatives
全国性的“全民健身活动”the nationwide“fitness-for-all”sports campaign
国际奥委会主持的体育赛事the sports events organized by the IOC
弘扬奥林匹克精神to promote the Olympic spirit
如果北京奥运会有赢余if there is a surplus in the Games revenue
建立奥林匹克友谊合作基金to set up all Olympic Friendship and Cooperation Fund
如果出现财政赤字，中国政府将予以弥补。If there is a deficit，the difference will be covered by
the Chinese government．
有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎!Is it not a delight after all to have friends come from afar!
有古老文化传统又具有现代化魅力的城市a city with both ancient culture and modem charm
我们申办的三个主题为：绿色奥运、科技奥运和人文奥运。The three themes of our bid are Green Olympics，Hi-tech Olympics and the People’s Olympics．
传播奥林匹克理想to spread the Olympic ideal
国家(排球)队运动员 a player of the national volleyball team
国家队(主)教练员 national team head coach
中国奥委会the Chinese Olympic Committee
国家各单项体育协会 various Chinese National Sports Federations
国标奥委会反兴奋剂各种决议all the IOC anti—doping decisions
捍卫奥林匹克的纯洁性to safeguard the purity of the Olympic
国际 单项体育组织the International Federations(IFs)
各大赞助商the sponsors
博采各家之长to gather knowledge／experience from around the world
玩一种叫做“蹴鞠”的游戏to play a game called Cuju
精彩纷呈的事情 wonderful and exciting things
一座充满活力的现代都市a dynamic modern metropolis
3000年的历史文化与都市的繁荣相互交织3，000 years of cultural treasures woven into the urban tapestry
标志性建筑 the iconic imagery；landmark building
讴歌人类的共同理想to celebrate the common aspirations of humanity
基于丝绸之路带来的灵感with a concept inspired by the famed Silk Road
我们的火炬接力将开创新局面。Our Torch Relay will break new ground．
人类古老的文明发源地the oldest civilizations known to man
希腊、罗马、埃及、拜占庭、美索不达米亚、波斯、阿拉伯、印度和中国文明Greek, Roman，Egypt, Byzantine，Mesopotamian，Persian，Arabian，Indian and Chinese civilizations
以“共享和平，共享奥运”为主题carrying the message“Share the Peace，Share the Olympics”
永恒不息的火焰 the eternal flames
穿越喜马拉雅山脉 to cross the Himalayas
2．Related Expressions
国家体育总局 the State Sports General Administration
中华全国体育总会 the All China Sports Federation
国际奥委会执委 member of the Executive Board of the IOC
亚奥理事会 the Olympic Council of Asia(OCA)
各国奥委会 the National Olympic Committees，(NOCs)
国际残奥委会 the-International Paralympic Committee (IPC)
国际体育界 the international sports community／circles
国际大学生运动联合会the International University Sports Federation
中国足／篮／排／网球协会the Chinese Football／Basketball／Volleyball／Tennis Association
中国田径／游泳／桥牌协会the Chinese Athletics／Swimming／Bridge Association
中国乒乓／羽毛球协会the Chinese Table-tennis／Badminton Association
中国滑冰／自行车／健美操协会the Chinese Skating／Cycling／Aerobic Association
中国柔道／拳击／武术协会the Chinese Judo／Boxing／Wnshu Association
体育设施标准管理办公室the Sports Facilities Standard Authority
北京体育大学 Beijing University of Physical Culture
奥林匹克研究中心 the Olympic：Research Center
体育彩票 the Sports Lottery ticket
竞技性体育 athletic／competitive sports
娱乐性运动 recreational sports
健身性运动 fitness／body-building sports／exercises
健身器材 body-building equipment／apparatus
《全民健身计划纲要》the National Physical Fitness Program
体育锻炼标准 standards for physical training
生活方式不良，体育锻炼不够unhealthy：lifestyles and inadequate exercise
体质 physical quality／condition
年检 annual physical examination
减肥／瘦身 to lose weight
节食 to go on a diet
任何单位和个人不得侵占体育场地设施或挪作他用。No unit or individual is allowed to encroach (upon sports grounds and facilities or divert them to other purposes．
发展体育运动，增强人民体质。Promote physical culture SO as to build up the people’S health．
“东亚病夫” the sick man of East Asia”
体育巨人；体育大国 athletic giant；sports power，
冲出亚洲to fight one’S way out of the Asian arena
为国争光to win honor for the motherland／country／China
不断在国际比赛中获得好成绩to keep achieving good results in international competitions
胜不骄，败不馁”。Do not become cocky with SUCCESS，nor discouraged by defeat；Do not be
dizzy with success，nor downcast over defeat,
友谊第一，比赛第二”。Friendship first，competition second．
坚持“三严”(严格禁止、严格检测、严厉处罚)原则 to stick to the principle of“Three Stricts”(strict ban，strict testing and strict penalties against doping)
药物／兴奋剂检测 steroid／drug／stimulant tests
兴奋剂检测中心 drug．／steroid—testing center
随机抽样 random checks
收集尿样 to collect urine samples
亚特兰大“百年奥运”the Centennial Olympic Games in Atlanta
夏/冬季奥运会 the Summer／Winter Olympic Games
五环旗 the five-ring flag
奥林匹克精神／理想／运动／大家庭the Olympic spirit／ideal／movement／family
弘扬奥林匹克精神，推动奥林匹克事业”Enhancing the Olympic Spirit and Promoting the Olympic’ Movement
奥林匹克运动的强大生命力和迷人魅力the vitality and special appeal of the Olympic Games
遵循公平竞争的原则 to observe the principle of fair competition
更快、更高、更强 Faster，Higher，Stronger(Citius，Altius，Fortius)
和平、友谊、进步 Peace，Friendship，Progress
促进东西方文化交流 to promote the exchange of Oriental and Occidental cultures
奥林匹克知识竞赛 Olympic Games quiz --
点燃奥林匹克圣火 to light the sacred／holy flame of the Olympics
"现代奥林匹克之父”顾拜旦Pierre de Coubertin，founder of the modern Olympiad
对顾拜旦先生的最好纪念the best way to pay tribute to de Coubertin
瞬旦在他的散文诗《体育颂》中充满激情地歌颂体育，将体育比作美丽、正义、勇气、健康、进步与和平的化身。In his prose Ode to sport，Pierre de Coubertin passionately described sport as the embodiment of beauty，justice，courage，health，progress and peace．
对顾拜旦先生提倡的国际性和世界性原则in line with the principle of universality as advocated
by de Coubertin
符合国际奥委会的规定to meet the requirements of the International Olympic Committee
奥运会的举办地点应该在各国轮流举行。Venues for the Olympics should be rotated worldwide．
使它真正成为一项跨文化、跨民族、跨国度的活动to make it a truly multicultural．Multinational and international event
北京2008年奥运会申办委员会the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games Bid Committee(BOBICO)
北京奥申委主席、北京市市长Mayor of Beijing and President of BOBICO
国家体育总局局长、中国奥委会主席、北京奥申委执行主席Director of the State Sports General
Administration，Chairman of the Chinese Olympic Committee and Executive President of BOBICO
北京申办2008年奥运会的活动Beijing's bid to host the 2008 Games
北京29届奥运会组委会the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games of the 29th Olympiad
实现“新北京，新奥运”的理念to fulfill the motto of“New Beijing．Great Olympics”
“天人合一”的理念 the concept of harmony between man and nature
奥林匹克公园 the Olympic Green
运动员村 the Games Village
亚运会 the Asian Games
大运村 the Universiade Athletes’Village
东道国 也e host country／nation
主办第一届东亚运动会to host the First East Asian Games
第六届远东及南太平洋残疾人运动会the 6th Far East and South Pacific Games for the Disabled
第十届全国运动会(十运会)the l0th National Games
全国少数民族传统体育运动会the National Minorities Traditional Sports Games：也e National
Ethnic Sports Meet
全国农民运动会 the National Farmers’Games
世界大学生运动会 Universiade ; the W0rld University Gaines
田径运动会 track and field sports meet
世界锦标赛 world championship
邀请赛 invitational tournament
汽车拉力赛 motor rally
温布尔顿网球赛 the Wimbledon tennis tournament
汤姆斯／尤伯杯 the Thomas／Uber Cup
一／二年举行一次 to be held annually／biennially
运动项目 sport items／event
男／女子项目 men’s／women's event
团体／单人项目 team／individual event．
男／女单 men's／women’S singles
男／女双 men's／women's doubles
技巧 sports acrobatics
上运动 aquatic／water sports
室内／户外运动 indoor games；outdoor sports
拳术 barehanded Chinese boxing
空手道大师 karate master：karateka
瑜珈功大师 yoga master；yogi
杨式太极拳 the Yang School Taijiquan (one of the 4 schools in China)
重／中／轻量级 heavy／middle／light weight
增加体重 to put on weight
主／客队 home／visiting team
国家／种子队 national seeded team
运动员 athlete／sportsman／player
选手 competitor／contender／contestant
种子／优秀选手 seeded／top—ranking player
短跑 sprint
换棒 to change the baton
冲刺 to make a final dash
冠军 champion；gold medallist；gold medal winner，
亚军 silver medallist；running-up；second
第三名 bronze medallist；third
囊括所有冠军 to sweep／capiture／take all the titles on offer
个人全能冠军 the individual all-round champion
世界纪录保持者 world—record holder
奖牌排名 medal standings／ranking
排名第一 to rank first ．
天时地利人和 (to enjoy)all necessary／favorable conditions
竞技状态良好 to be in good form／shape
发挥失常／欠佳 to lose one’s usual form
阴盛阳衰 stronger women and feebler men
刷新纪录 to chalk up／rewrite／renew／surpass a’record·
破／平世界纪录 to break／equal a world record
爆冷门；黑马 to produce an unexpected winner；to be a dark horse
体育道德 sportsmanship -
公平竞争 fair play
团结协作／配合意识teamwork
团队精神 team spirit
成为甲级队 to become an A-grade team
中国队对阿根廷队 China VS．Argentina
A/B组 Group A／B
预赛(淘汰赛) preliminaries；pre-trials
小组赛 group match
四分之一决赛 quarter finals
半决赛 semi finals
决赛 final
上／下半场 first／second half
裁判员 referee；judge ’
!裁判长 chief referee
(主)教练 (chief)coach
守门员 goalkeeper
后卫／中锋／前锋defender／midfielder／striker
把球顶进球门 to head a ball into goal
发球 to serve the ball
右／前发球区 right／short service court
得分／进球 to score a goal
禁区 penalty zone
中圈 kick-off circle
球门区／柱／网 goal area／post／net
端线 goal line
点球 spot／penalty kick
加时赛 overtime period；to go to extra time
平局 to end in a draw／tie
观众 spectator
体育运动爱好者 sports fan／enthusiast
拉拉队队长 cheer-leader
足球迷 football fan
“足球流氓”／球痞 football hooligan
体育场 stadium
体育馆／健身房 gymnasium
足球场 field／pitch ．
篮球场 basketball court
溜冰场 skating rink
靶场 shooting range
入场券 admission ticket
开幕／闭幕式the opening／closing ceremony
致开／闭幕词to deliver／make the opening／closing speech
请……宣布……开幕。 I have the honor to invite…to declare the opening of…
我宣布21届世界大学生运动会开幕!I declare the 21st Universiade open!
开幕式现在开始!The opening ceremony will now begin．
我宣布……闭幕! I declare the closing／conclusion of…!／I now declare…close!
我宣布，开幕式到此结束。祝运动员万事如意，实现梦想!That concludes the opening ceremony．
May all the athletes have best．Of luck and fulfill your dream．
祝运动员发扬更快、更高、更强的奥林匹克精神!May the athletes be inspired by the Olympic spirit of“faster，higher and stronger”．
我代表所有参赛运动员宣誓……In the name of all competitors，I promise…
裁判员、运动员入场! Now the parade of athletes and referees．
绕场一周向观众致意to undertake laps of honor
全体起立，奏国歌!Please all rise to the national anthem．
请全体起立。升中华人民共和国国旗，奏中华人民共和国国歌!All rise for the national flag and
national anthem of the People’s Republic of China．
请坐下! Please be seated．
表演团体操to perform group exercises
……颁奖仪式开始。The Victory Ceremony for…will now take place．
荣获金牌的是，……队!The gold medal goes to the first place winner，Team of…
现在，请各位留在原座位，让主席台的贵宾先离场0 Ladies and gentlemen，may I have your
attention please．1 would appreciate it if you could remain seated for the departure of the honored guests at the platform．
请各位起立，目送贵宾退场!Please rise for the departure of the honored guests，
解决了温饱，基本实现了小康，而且为世界发展做出了贡献。
The tremendous wealth created by China in the past quarter of a century has not only enabled our 1．3 billion countrymen to meet their basic needs for food，clothing and shelter and basically realize a modestly comfortable standard of living but also contributed to world development．
■
中国信息产业既是信息化建设的基础，同时也是信息化的重要组成部分。The information industry in China forms the basis for information．It is also part of the process．
13亿人口的中国保持稳定和加快发展，对促进亚太地
区和世界的稳定与发展，具有极其重要的意义。
China is a country with 1．3 billion people． Its stability and rapid development are of vital importance to the stability and development in Asia-Pacific and the world at large．
只要双方有诚意，这类问题完全可以通过平等协商和扩大合作来加以妥善解决。So long as the two sides act in goodfaith，such problems can be properly solved through consultations on equal terms and the expansion of bilateral cooperation．
所以有些地方官员确实不重视农业，确实是口号农业，口
头讲得很响亮，实际并不那么干，实际上还是挖农业，损害农业。Therefore，some local officials talk loudly about agriculture but their actions do not match their words．In fact，they are harming agriculture．
最近一些学者提出发展中国家包括中国的劳动力成本优势威胁了他们的经济发展。Recently，some Western scholars said the advantage of cheap labor in developing countries，including China，has threatened their economic development．
中国仍然是一个发展中国家，城市和农村，东部和西部存在着明显的发展差距。China is still a developing country．There is an obvious gap between its urban and rural areas and between its eastern and western regions．
就业和增长又是连在一起的，增长率下来了，更多的企业将减员，这样分流出来的人员更多了，失业人员就更多了。
现在美国巨额的国际收支逆差产生的一个重要原因就是
在结构变化当中还没有很好地调整自己。One important reason for Americas huge deficit is that the United States has failed
to adjust itself properly in this structural change．
中国拥有广大的市场和发展需求，美国拥有先进的科学技术和巨大的物质力量，两国之间有着很强的经济互补性。China holds a huge market and great demand for development and the United States holds advanced science and technologys well as enormous material
force．The economies of the two countries are therefore highly complementary with each other．
美国是最大的发达国家，经济总量大，资本充足，科技发达，但劳动力成本高。The United States，as the world’s largest developed country，has a large economic size and abundant capital funds，as well
as advanced science and technology．
世界贸易组织第四次部长级会议the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization
中国工作组主席吉拉德先生Mr.Girard，Chairman of the Working Party on China
我还要对历任总干事——邓克尔先生、萨瑟兰先生、鲁杰罗先生、穆尔先生表示感谢。
My gratitude also goes to Mr．Mike Moore，Director·General of the WTO，to the former Director—Generals ofGATT and the WTO，Mr．Dunkel，Mr．Sutherland and Mr．Rupgiero．
中国加入世贸组织和全面参与多边贸易体制China's accession to the WTO and its full participation the multilateral trading system
中国为复关和加入WTO作出了长期不懈的努力。 China has made longstanding and unremitting efforts for resuming its GATT Contracting Party status and for acceding to the WT0
产生广泛和深远的影响 to exert-wide and far-reaching impact
加入WTO以后，中国将在权利与义务平衡的基础上，在享受权利的同时，遵守WTO规则，履行自己的承诺。 After its accession，China will，on the basis of the balance between rights and
obligations，abide by the WTO rules and honor its commitments while enjoying its rights．
乌拉圭回合谈判 the Uruguay Round negotiations／talks
中国參与了多边贸易体制由关贸总协定到世界贸易组织的历史转折。China witnessed the
historical transformation of the multilateral trading system from GATT to the WTO．
趋利避害 to avoid the disadvantages and give full play to the advantages
我们需要正视现行多边贸易体制中存在的明显缺陷。We need to face up to the obvious defects of the existing multilateral trading system．
避免一部分国家被边际化to protect／prevent some countries against／from being marginalized ；
有利于贸易投资便利化to be conducive to trade and investment facilitation
在开放的程度和速度上给予特殊处理．to render special treatment to the extent and speed of the
opening
2．Related Expressions
对外贸易经济合作部the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic cooperation(MOFTEC)
国际商会the International Chamber of Commerce ( ICC)
进出口商会 import and export chambers of commerce
中国进出口银行the China Import and Export Bank
制定／颁布《外贸法》to enact／promulgate the Foreign Trade Law
生效 into／take effect；to become effective；to put／come into force
贯彻市场多元化的战略to implement the strategy of diversifying the market
实施“走出去”的开放战略to implement the opening strategy of “going global”
“引进来”和“走出去”“attracting’foreign investment”and“going global”
优化市场结构 to optimize the market structure
扩大出口能力 to expand／enhance／improve the export capacity／capability
“大中华经济区” “Greater China Economic Zone”
大经贸战略the strategy of broader based foreign trade and economic cooperation l
使中国由贸易大国成为贸易强国 to transform China from a big trading country to a strong trading nation
建立健全符合国际通行规则和我国国情的对外经济贸易体制to establish and perfect the foreign economic and trade regime consistent with the international prevailing rules and actual situation in China
我们要坚持统一政策、平等竞争,走工贸结合：、推行代理制的做法，改革和完善外贸管理体制。We should continue to reform and improve the foreign trade management system by sticking to the unified policy，fair competition，integration of industry with trade and promotion of the
system
“科技兴贸”行动计划the Action Plan of Revitalizing Trade through Science Technology
用高新技术改造传统出口工业to remold traditional export industries by utilizing high and new
technology
建立联合工作机制，通过技术革新协助出口产品的升级换代to set up a joint working mechanism to assist the upgrading of exports through technological transformation
改造传统出口工业，加大出口产品的技术含量和附加值to transform the traditional export industry and increase the technology content and added value in our exports
建立高新技术出口产品工业园to establish industrial parks for high and new technology export
products
加强我国出口产品在国内国际市场上的竞争力to strengthen／improve the competitiveness of our products on domestic and overseas markets
通过市场促进高新技术成果的产业化和商品化to propel the industrialization and commercialization of high and new technology achievements through market
继续实行以质取胜和市场多元化战略，努力扩大出口to continue to implement the strategy of
success through quality and market diversification and spare no efforts to expand exports‘
积极调整出口商品结构，提高高新技术产品的出口比重to work actively to adjust the mix of
exports and increase the proportion of high-tech products
以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度to implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis
开展全方位的外向型经济to develop a full．dimensional export-oriented／outward economy
吸收外资最多的发展中国家the developing country with the biggest amount of FDI utilization
根据国际惯例保护外国投资者的利益to protect the interests of foreign investors according to
The international practices
积极开拓国际市场，特别要大力拓展非洲、拉美、东欧、独联体等新兴市场to make every effort to open up more markets abroad，in particular，the emerging markets in Africa，Latin America。East Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States
开拓国际市场，发展加工生产和创汇产品to explore overseas markets，and develop processing
industries and hard—cash earning exports
鼓励有能力的企业到境外投资办厂to encourage strong Chinese enterprises to make investments
细set up factories abroad
守约、保质、薄利、重义(我国对外承包工程的4条原则)honoring contract，guaranteeing quality，
making moderate profit and valuing friendship
融科工、贸于一体的跨地区、跨行业、跨所有制的集团公司a cross．regional，cross trade and cross membership corporation which integrates scientific research，manufacturing and trade
多种形式的产学研结合the integration of production，teaching and research in a variety of ways
平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针the principle of pursuing practical results，adopting various ways and seeking common development on the basis of equality，mutual benefit and efficiency
高附加值、优质和高新技术产品’high．value-added，high-quality and new and high．tech products
区域化和集团化趋势the regionalization and grouping trend
北美自由贸易协定 the North American Free Trade：Agreement (NAFTA)
正视挑战 to face the challenges squarely
变压力为动力 to turn pressure into a motive force
防范金融风险 to prevent financial risks
抵御风险的能力 ability to withstand／ward off risks；risk-resisting ability,
反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures
改善投资环境 to improve the investment environment
提供优惠待遇 to provide preferential treatment
提供出入境方便 to facilitate entry and exit
世贸组织总干事 the director-general of the WTO
关贸总协定 the General Agreement on：Tariffs and Trade(GATT)
世界多边贸易体制 a world，multilateral trade system
世贸组织总理事 the WTO General Council
中国关贸总协定成员国工作组the working group on the resumption of China's membership in GATT
恢复中国的缔约／创始国地位to restore China's status as a contracting state／founding member
举行事务级会谈 to hold working-level talks
首席谈判代表 chief negotiator
根据中国的礼节习惯 请客人先谈。In China, we are accustomed to giving the floor first to the
guest
那我就不客气了。Then, I would like to get down to business．
今天怎么谈好呢?How would you like to proceed today?／How should we go about the talks today?．
先谈原则问题呢，还是先具体问题? I wonder, whether we should start with matters of principle or specific issues?
我建议是，否先研究-下总体方案May I suggest we start with looking at the general proposal?
我们希望在合资企业中占50％以上的资金份额，合资期限为20年。We expect to hold a minimum of 50％ of the equity in this joint venture，with a term of 20 years．
您同意这个意见吗? Would you agree to this proposal?
我完全同意。 I cannot agree more./ I absolutely agree．
我不同意 I beg to differ．／I could not accept that．
我不这么认为。 1 wou1d not say that．
我明白您意思，但……I see your point，but…
我想接着刚才的话题讲下去。With your permission，1 would like to pick up where we just left off．
我想听听您对这个问题怎么看。1 wish to benefit from your view on that question．／what
comments would you have on that question?
我想提请大家注意一个被普遍忽视的问题。I wish to call everyone’s attention to a largely ignored problem．
我们是否就谈到这儿? Shall We call it a day?
我讲得太多了，嘴上都起泡了I have talked so much about it that I have blisters on my lips．”
结束谈判 to wrap up／conclude／grad the negotiations
增加一个条款 to add a clause to the agreement
我对口头约定不放心。 I’m not comfortable with the verbal agreement． ’
根据我们这些天来的会谈，我希望今天能与你们草签一份协定，然后定下正式签约的日期Totay I wish to sign a protocol with you based on our meetings during the last few days，and set a
for an official signing ceremony．
谈判高手 a real negotiator
最惠国待遇 the Most Favored Nation(MFN)status
要价过高 to place excessive／exorbitant demands
对中国采取强硬立场 to take a harsh line on China
规定最后期限 to set a deadline
避免发生贸易战 to avert／avoid a trade war
采取断然／报复性措施to take／adopt resolute／retaliatory measures
保留……的权利 to reserve／retain the right to…
牺牲国家利益 to sacrifice national interests
用原则作交换 to barter away one’S principles
根据自己的时间表 in accordance with one’S own timetable
权利和义务平衡 the balance between rights and obligations
承担与本国经济发展水平相称的义务to assume obligations commensurate with the level of economic development of a particular country
采取主动 to take the initiative
解铃还得系铃人。 It is up to the one who tied the knot to untie it
持悲观／乐观的态度 to be pessimistic／optimistic about…
采取务实／合作的态度 to take／adopt a pragmatic／cooperative attitude
回到谈判桌上来 to return to the negotiating table
就…达成协议 to reach／conclude／sign all agreement on…
中国加人世贸组织议定书 the Protocol on China’S Entry into the WTO
完成中国人世的有关法定程序to complete the relevant legal procedures for China’s accession
符合中国的根本利益 in the fundamental interest of China
双赢的结果／协议 a win-win situation／agreement
给/有八年的宽限期 to grant／enjoy a grace period of eight years
国民待遇(给予外国人和本国人一样的待遇)national treatment(giving others the same treatment
as one’s own nationals)
把本地含量提高到6 2.5 to raise the local content requirement to 62．5％
贸易和投资自由化和便利化TILF(Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)
(知识产权)地理标识 geographical indications
<<纺织品与服装协议>> ATC．(Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)
<<服务贸易总协定>> GATS(General Agreement on Trade in Services)
在多边、稳定、无条件的最惠国待遇原则下under the multilateral，stable and unconditional MFN
principle
世界贸易组织是世界上独一无二的处理国家之间贸易规则的世界性组织，其核心是世贸协议。The World Trade Organization is the only international body dealing with the rules of trade
between nations．At its heart are the WTO agreements．
其目的有三：使贸易尽可能地自由流动，作为一个贸易谈判的论坛，以及解决争端。WTO has
three main purposes：to help trade flow as freely as possible，to serve as a forum for trade
negotiations and to settle disputes．
其原则有五：非歧视、更自由、可预见更具竞争性和更利于欠发达国家。Its principles are：
without discrimination，freer predictable，more competitive and more beneficial for less
deve!oped countries．
关贸总协定是临时的，从未得到成员立法机构的批准，也未包括创立一个机构的条款。GATT was an hoc and provisional．The General Agreement was never ratified in its members’parliaments and it contained no provisions for the creation of an organization．
世界贸易组织及世贸协议是永久性的。作为一个国际组织，世界贸易组织由于成员的立法机构批准了世贸协议，且世贸协议本身描述了世贸的运作方式，因而有了很好的法律基础。The WTO and its agreements are permanent．As an international organization，the WTO has a sound legal basis because its members have ratified the WTO agreements and the agreements themselves describe how WTO is to function．
关贸总协定管的是货物贸易，世贸还管服务贸易和知识产权。GATT dealt with trade in goods．The WTO covers services and intellectual property as well.
世贸争端解决体系较关贸总协定更迅速，更主动，其裁决不受阻挠。The WTO dispute settlement system is faster，more automatic than the old GATT system．Its rulings cannot be blocked.
信息和服务在服务在全球范围内自由流动和优化配置．the free flow and optimized allocation of capital, technology，information and service in the global context
国际发展战略 the International Development Strategy
立足本国国情 to proceed from the actual situation of respective countries
与国际通行作法接轨 in conformity with the international practice
扬长避短，趋利避害 to foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses
保护主义和歧视性的做法protectionist and discriminative practices
设置贸易壁垒 to erect trade barriers
提高关税税率 to raise tariff rates
贸易保护主义 Trade &protectionism
简化和改进检查手续 to simplify and improve examination procedures
减少关税和非关税壁垒 to reduce tariff and non—tariff barriers
提高外贸体制的透明度 to increase the transparency of the foreign trade system
反倾销、反补贴 anti-dumping and anti-subsidy
征收增值／反倾销税 to impose／collect value—added／anti—dumping taxes
消除人为障碍 to remove the artificially imposed obstacles
双重征税 dual taxation
第二／三大贸易伙伴 the second／third largest trading partner
在经济上具有互补性 to be economically complementary
派遣采购团 to send purchasing delegations ．
取消出El补贴 to cancel export subsidies
取消进口调节税 to cancel the import adjustment／regulatory tax
降低''''''种产品的进El关税to lower．the import tariffs for…products
调整关税结构 to adjust the tariff structure
进／出口许可证制度 the import／export license system
进／出口配额／指标限制the import／export quota limit
出口配额的公开招标制 the public bidding system for export quotas
采取公开／国际招标 to introduce public／international bidding
改进招标办法 to improve：the bidding methods
招／投标 to invite tenders／to make a bid
竞价／协议投标 competitive／negotiated bidding
禁止非法转包分包 to strictly prohibit illegal transfer of contracts and subcontracting
登记玳理人制度 registration／agent system
中介服务机构 intermediary services
劳动服务合同／项目 labor service contract／project
项目预算 project budget
项目总承包 project contracting
对外项目承包 foreign project contracting
三资企业(中外合资企业、中外合作企业和外方独资企业)Sino．Foreign joint ventures，Sino．
cooperative enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises／businesses
“三来一补”(客商来料、来样、来图加工和补偿贸易)toll processing business．with material
samples or technical drawings supplied／provided by clients／buyers，and compensation trade
外资项目 foreign-funded project
跨国公司 transnational corporation；multinational
加工厂 processing factory／plant
加工费 processing charges／fees
出口加工区 export processing zone
外向型商品生产基地 export-oriented commodity production base
进出El经营权the power to engage in import and．export trade
公司的经营情况the business performance of company
根据市场供求关系to be based on market supply and demand
产销结合to integrate production with sale／marketing
缩短产品开发周期to shorten new product development cycles -
减少库存积压to reduce inventory
缩短交货日期to shorten delivery cycles to customers
供大于求 supply exceeding demand
使外贸企业自负盈亏to make foreign trade enterprises responsible for their own profits and losses
向国家上交一部分外汇收入to submit a portion of one's foreign exchange income to the state
取消外贸企业的指令性计划to abolish mandatory planning for foreign trade enterprises
在规模和力度上都是空前的to be unprecedented in terms of both scale and intensity
外贸发展基金和风险基金foreign trade development fund and risk fund
外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves
汇率机制 the exchange rate mechanism
取消汇率双轨制to abolish the dual exchange rate system,
建立统一汇率制to establish a unitary exchange rate system-
浮动汇率 floating exchange rate ．
汇率合并 to merge exchange rates
硬通货 hard currency technology，information and service in the global context
出现赤字／亏损to run into the red
远远没有完成预期的任务to fall far short of one's expectation ；to fail one’s target by a large margin
保税区 bonded zones；free trade zone
保税仓库 bonded warehouse/storehouse
客户 client／customer
供货人／商／国；厂商 supplier；manufacturer
(公司)总部 head office
总裁；首席执行官president；Chief Executive officer(CEO)
总经理 Managing Director
副总经理 Deputy Managing Director
销售部经理 Manager of the Sales Department；Sales Manager
广告宣传 advertising and publicity
促销 sales promotion
(企业)公关／宣传public relations；image projection
同一家公司建立业务联系to enter into business relations with a company !
比不上竞争对手 to be inferior to one’s rival／competitor
到……作实地考察 to make a field tour to…
交易 a business transaction／proposition／deal．
现金／赊账交易 a cash／credit transaction
经营期货 to deal in future
经营范围 scope／line of business：
产品目录、宣传手册 catalogue and brochure
国际名牌产品 (of a product)to enjoy／have an established fame／reputation in the world
某一产品中之极品 the best of a product
中外驰名 to enjoy a fame across／around the world． world famous
倍受青睐 to be most popular among customers／buys／clients
我们的新产品有着最好的性价比，所以有比较稳定的消费群。 “our" products enjoy the best price-versus-performance ratio and therefore have a stable consumer group．
非配额产品 quota-free products
龙头产品 flagship product
防伪标志 anti-fake label
条形码 bar code
诚信企业 credible enterprise／business
社会诚信度 social credibility
打假 to mount an attack on producers of counterfeit products
价格单 price list
询价 to make inquiries about the prices；price inquiries
报价／盘 to quote an／a offer／price；quotation；offer
实／虚盘 firm／non-firm offer
还盘 counter offer
批发价 bulk／wholesale price
零售价 retail price
最低报价the floor／lowest offer
最新报价 the-latest／updated／newest quotations
每日市价 the market price of the day
回去仔细研究 to take it home／back for a closer examination
看货样 to look at the samples
规格／花色品种 specifications／variety
如果价格便宜的话 if the price is good／competitive
计算换汇成本 to figure out／calculate the exchange cost ratio’
作出让步 to make concessions
让价幅度 the margin of bargaining
折扣／佣金 discount／commission
季节性折扣 seasonal discount
打九五折到四折不等 The discount varies from 5 to 60 percent．／We offer discounts varying
本报价随行就市 This offer is subject to market fluctuation．
根据数量调整价格 to adjust the prices according to the quantity
对保证产品质量 to guarantee the quality of our products
手续费 service charges
净利润 net profit
一种变相的减价 a disguised form of price reduction
价格潞大幅度下跌 substantial drop in price；a substantial price drop
买/卖方市场 buyer's／sellers market
购货／销售合同 purchase／sales contract
意向书 letter of intent
成交 to make／clinch／strike a deal
定合同 to sign a contract
定货 to order／purchase；to place an order
现货 spot goods
库存有限 limited stock
取消定货 to cancel all order
起定数量 the minimum order
最早交货日期 the earliest date of delivery
发/收货人 consignor／consignee
外包装 the outer packing
盒装 to be packed in cartons／cases／boxes
瓶/袋／散装 to be packed in bottles／bags／bulk
成捆裸装 nude cargo in bundles
防震／水／潮的 shock-／water-／damp-proof
装运 to effect a shipment；to load a ship
运价/费 freight rate
定金 down payment
付款方式／条件 terms of payment；way making the payment
现金结算 cash settlement
分期付款 payment by installments
付款交货 cash on delivery(C．0．D)；delivery against payment
信用证结算 to pay by the L／C(Letter of Credit)
开／寄信用证 to open／send the L／C
信用程度／等级很差to have a terrible／poor credit rating
差额表／结算表 Balance Sheet
副本／一式二份 duplicate(in duplicate)
信／电汇 Mail/Telegraph Transfer
装运口岸及目的地 loading and destination ．
到岸价(运费、保险费在内的价格)C.I.F．(cost，Insurance and Freight)
离岸价(不含运费、保险费的价格)F．O．B．(Free Oil Board)
船边交货价(装船及有关费用由买主负责)FAS(Free Alongside Ship)
青岛到岸价的最低报价。quotation
按离岸价装运 to be shipped on an F．O．B．basis
装运单据／通知 shipping documents/advice
提货单 the bill of lading
交货不足 short delivery
守约 to honor a contract
违约 to break／breach a contract
毁约 to dishonor／tear up a contract
保险与索赔 insurance and claim
保险费 premium
保险单 insurance policy
如果贵方到期未能按时付款，我方将中止合同，并提出索赔。Should you fail to honor you
payment in due time，we would terminate the contract and lodge a claim against you．
如果货运耽搁，你会得到全额退款。You would get a full refund, if there should be a delay in the
shipment．
我们向顾客提供外汇兑换、报关、托运、保险等服务项目。We provide our customers with services of foreign currency exchange，customs declaration，shipping and insurance．
中国国际贸易仲裁委员会 the Chinese International Trade Arbitration Commission
程控电话 program-controlled telephones
国际／内直拨电话 IDD／DDD(international／domestic direct dial)
中国人民保险公司 the People’s Insurance Company of China
中国远洋运输公司 the China Ocean Shipping Company (COSCO)
悬挂中国国旗 to fly the national flag of China
中国国际投资贸易洽谈会 the China Fair for International Investment and Trade(CFIIT)
中国出口商品交易会 the Chinese Export Commodities Fair
第六届世界华商大会 the Sixth World Chinese Entrepreneurs Convention
2001年中国西部论坛 China West Forum 2001
在董事会年会上 at the annual meeting of the board of directors
亚太经合组织 Asia-Pacific；Economic Cooperation(APEC)
大会组委会 the organizing committee of the conference／meeting，assembly／congress
主办国 the host country
大会主题 the theme of the conference／meeting／assembly／congress‘
大会议事日程 the agenda of the conference／meeting／assembly／congress
中心议题 the central subject under discussion
大会执行主席 the executive chairman of the conference
秘书处the secretariat of the conference
主要发言人 keynote speaker
主题发言 keynote speech／address
在会上发言 to address the conference／meeting
亚太经合组织各经济体 APEC economies
经合组织部长级会议 APEC ministerial meeting
太经合组织工商咨询理事会APEC Business Advisory Council(ABAC)
高官会议 Senior Officials’Meeting(SOM)
工商领导人峰会 CEO(Chief Executive Officer)summit
中小企业 Small and Medium Enterprises(SMEs)
海关程序分委会 Sub-committee on Customs Procedures(SCCP)
标准一致化分委会 Sub-committee on Standards and Conformance(SCSC)
争端调解专家组 Dispute Mediation Experts’Group(DMEG)
市场准入小组 Market Access Group(MAG)
电信工作组 Telecommunications Working Group(TEL)
旅游工作组 Tourism Working Group(TWG)
贸易促进工作组 Working Group on Trade Promotion(WGTP)
原产地规则 Rules of Origin(ROO)
教育论坛 Education Forum(EDFOR)
人力资源开发human resources development(I-IRD)
人力资源能力建设human capacity building
人口和经济持续增长对粮食、能源和环境的冲击impact of expanding population and economic
growth on food，energy and the environment(FEEEP)
易投资委员会 Committee on Trade and Investment(CTI)
易有关的知识产权协定Agreement on Trade—related Aspects of Intellectual Property(TRIPS)
投资自由化和便利化trade and investment liberalization and facilitation(TILF)
企业/公司责任 corporate responsibility
<<贸物宣言》 the Bogor Declaration
<<各国的单方行动计划》the Individual Action Plan(IAP)
<<集体行动计划》 Collective Action Plans(CAP)
<<大阪行动计划》 Osaka Action Agenda(OAA)
．Related Expressions
中央军委外事办公室the Foreign Affairs Office of the Central Military Commission
应／承蒙……的(盛情)邀请at the(gracious)invitation of…
对……进行国事／友好访问to pay a state／goodwill visit to…
以私人／官方的身份 in a(n)private／official capacity
(以…为首的)政府代表团government delegation(headed／led by…)
军医代表团(团长) (head of the)military medical delegation
专／包机 special／chartered plane
起飞／抵达时间departure／arrival time
(机场)跑道；停机坪 runway；tarmac／apron
(飞机)滑行停稳to taxi to a standstill
机场大楼terminal building
航班／飞机资料显示牌 flight information board
候机室departure lounge
贵宾室 VIP Room
登记柜台 check—in counter
问讯处 information desk
安全检查 security check
护照检查处passport control
外交／公务护照diplomatic／service passport
英／中文姓名 name in English／Chinese
签证种类 type of visa
一次性／多次性入境签证 single—entry／multiple—entry visa
再入境签证 re—entry visa
旅行／居留签证 travel／residence visa
出境／入境／过境／访问签证exit／entry／transit／visitor's visa
签证有效期 validity of visa
入境日期及口岸 date and port of entry
抵达／出境日期 date of arrival／departure
出生／死亡证明 birth／death certificate
卫生证书／黄皮书 quarantine certificate
婚配状况 marital status
居留事由／期限 purpose／duration of stay
旅行／居住证 travel／residence permit
海关 the Customs
海关关员 customs officer
关税 customs duty
填写报关单 to fill in／out the declaration form
免税／应税物品 duty-free／dutiable goods／articles
免税店 duty—free shop
个人物品 personal effects
进／出口许可证 import／export permit
违反海关规定 to violate customs regulations；against customs regulations
走私 to smuggle； smuggling
照章纳税 to pay customs duty according to the regulations
行李提取处 baggage／luggage claim
障认领／寄存处 baggage／luggage claim／depository
随身行李 carry-on baggage
手提行李 hand luggage
行李牌 luggage check；baggage／luggage tag
行李手推车 luggage trolley／handcart／pushcart
您一定是我们期盼已久的客人…… You must be our long-expected guest…．
对不起，我还没有请教您的尊姓大名呢。Excuse me，but I haven't had the honor of knowing you．
高兴与您结识。 I'm delighted／pleased to make your acquaintance．
欢迎来中国／北京／南京! Welcome to China／Beijing／Nanjing!
欢迎，您一路辛苦了。 Welcome to…Did you have a nice trip?／How was the journey?
坐了这么长时间的飞机，你累吗? How are you after such a long flight?
谢谢专程来接我。 Thank you very much for coming all the, way to meet me．
不用谢，这是我们应该做的。 Please don't mention it．It is my pleasure．
寒暄 the usual exchange of greetings
我们又见面了! Small world，isn’t it?
久仰 久仰! I have long been looking forward to meeting you．／l have long desired to meet you．
久违! 久违 I haven’t seen you for ages／for a long time／It's been such a long time
since we met last．
久闻大名! I have long heard of you．
我们上车吧。Let us proceed to the Car． ‘
您先请。 After you!
您慢走。 Take care!
检阅仪仗队 to inspect a guard of honor
鸣(21响)礼炮 to greet sb. with a(21)gun salute
国宾馆 state guesthouse
总统套房 presidential suite
豪华套房 luxury suite
国宴 state banquet
工作午餐 working／business luncheon
冷餐招待会 buffet reception
晚宴 dinner party／banquet
款待 to extend kind／cordial hospitality to一．；to entertain…
中国菜讲究“色”、“香”、“味”。Chinese dishes are famous for their color，flavor and taste．
四大菜系 four major cuisines
美味佳肴／特色菜delicacies／specialties
用筷子to manage／handle chopsticks
用餐举止table manners
忌讳taboo
中国菜习惯／喜欢吗?Do you like Chinese food?
尝尝北京烤鸭。Help yourself to／Try some roast Peking duck．
请别客气。 Make yourself at home．
菜不好，请多多包涵。Hope you've enjoyed yourself／the dinner．
您过奖了。 Thank you．You flattered me．
哪里!哪里! I'm glad to hear that．
惭愧!惭愧! It’s very kind of you to say so．
请多提宝贵意见。 I would appreciate your comments．／Your comments and suggestions are most welcome．
请多多批评指正。 I would appreciate it if you could offer your advice．
你在生活和工作中若有不尽如人意之处，请立即与我联系。If you should encounter any inconveniences in your life and work，please don't hesitate to let me know．
我很乐意为您排忧解难。I will be very glad to help you out．
希望您喜欢这里的生活I hope you will enjoy your stay here．
祝您参观一切顺利! Wish you all the best in your tour／visit．
祝您访问圆满成功! Wish your visit a complete success．
纪念 in commemoration of；to commemorate；to observe
庆祝 in celebration of；to celebrate；to observe
司仪 MC( Master of Ceremonies)
签字仪式 signing ceremony
致欢迎辞 welcoming speech／address；speech of welcome
告别辞 farewell speech／address；valediction
出席宴会的贵宾有……It is my pleasure to introduce／I have the honor to introduce／I would like to introduce the honored guests attending the banquet…
女士们、先生们、朋友们：Dear friends，ladies and gentlemen，…
各位领导，贵宾们，女士们、先生们，同志们、朋友们：Honorable leaders，distinguished guests，dear comrades and friends，ladies and gentlemen，
阁下 Your／His／Her Excellency
殿下 Your／His／Her Royal Highness
陛下 Your／His／Her Majesty
皇帝陛下 Your／His／Her Imperial Majesty
尊敬的首相……亲王殿下Respected Mr．Prime Minister，Your Highness Prince…
敬爱的……阁下 Your Excellency Respected and Dear…
尊敬的……阁下 Your Excellency Respected…
尼克松总统阁下和夫人Mr．President and Mine．Nixon
…”总理阁下和夫人 Mr．Prime Minister and Mrs…
…国王和王后陛下Their Majesties King…and the Queen
值此……之际 on the occasion of…
我代表中国政府和人民，并以我个人的名义，向贵国人民致以亲切的问候和良好的祝愿。1 would like／wish to extend．0n behalf of the Chinese government and people and in my own name，our cordial greetings and best wishes to your people．
中国有句古话说：有朋自远方来不亦乐乎?There is an old saying in Chinese which goes：“Isn't it a great pleasure／joy to have friends coming from afar?”／As a Chinese saying goes~“Nothing is more delightful than meeting friends from far away．
我非常愉快地…… It is with great pleasure that I…；I have the‘great pleasure to…
我为能……而深感愉快。It gives me great pleasure to…
我很荣幸地代表中国政府和人民向……代表团表示热烈的欢迎。I have the honor to extend，on behalf of the Chinese government and people，our warm welcome to the…delegation．
请允许我向远道而来的贵宾们表示热烈的欢迎和亲切的问候。Allow me to express．Our warm welcome and cordial：greetings to our distinguished guests coming from afar．
我们为能接待如此杰出的政界领导人而深感骄傲和荣幸。We are very proud and honored to receive such a group of distinguished political leaders．
对我本人来说，这也是一个非常愉快和令人难忘的机会。This is also a very happy and memorable occasion for me personally．
这使我有极好的机会来拜访老朋友，结交新朋友。It provides me with an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and make new ones． ．
今天，我们能够在我国的首都北京接待以……为首的……感到格外的愉快和高兴。Today we are especially pleased and happy to receive in our capital Beijing…led by
今天晚上，我能够参加……为…一·举行的宴会感到十分高兴和荣幸。I aid very happy and honored this evening to attend this banquet given by…in honor of…
今天，我们怀着极为兴奋的心情，在这里集会，欢迎……We assemble／are gathered here today with great elation to welcome…
我们很高兴，同……一道欢庆这个光辉的节日。We ale very happy to celebrate this glorious
festival together with… 。
今天晚上，我们在这里设宴欢迎应… 邀请前来我国访问的……阁下和……的其他贵宾们，感到十分荣幸和快慰。We are very much honored and pleased to give a banquet this evening in honor of His Excellency．．．and the other distinguished guests from…who have come to visit China at the invitation of…
今天我们在这里集会隆重纪念……周年。We meet here today to solemnly commemorate／observe the…anniversary of…
你们的光临，增加了我们节日的欢乐。Your presence adds, much to our festive joy．
怀着十分兴奋和愉快的心情with great elation and pleasure；with very happy and joyful feelings
怀着同样热切的心情 with the same eagerness
怀着对贵国人民的深厚感情with profound and amicable sentiments for your people
作为贵国人民的友好使者as a11 envoy of friendship of your people
远隔重洋／万里to be separated by the vast ocean／a long distance；to be far away from each other
远道而来／来自大洋彼岸的朋友们friends from a distant land／the other side of the Pacific Ocean
随团来访的商界朋友们friends from the business community accompanying the delegation
请允许我邀请各位与我一起举杯，为我们两国的友谊和合作干杯!May I ask you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two countries?
为……大使阁下和夫人的健康干杯!To the health of His Excellency the Ambassador and Mme．．
珍惜与‘……的传统友谊to cherish one’s traditional friendship with…
向…···转达中国人民的诚挚问候和良好祝愿to convey the cordial greetings and best wishes of the Chinese people to…
很荣幸答谢您给予我们的热情招待to have the honor of reciprocating your warm reception
我愿借此机会感谢……的热情好客和周到安排。rd like to take this opportunity to thank…for the warm hospitality and thoughtful arrangements．
东道主的热情好客将永远留在我的记忆中。The generous／gracious hospitality of our host will remain in my memory forever．
这些良好的印象将永远珍藏在我们美好的记忆中。These fine impressions will remain forever in our most cherished memories．
对贵国政府在我们逗留期间给予我们体贴入微的关照，千言万语道不尽我们的感激之情。No words can fully express／convey our gratitude to you and your government for the great kindness and consideration you have given us during our stay here．
我谨向您表示衷心的感谢。1 would like／wish to express my heartfelt thanks to you．
我期待着在不远的将来访问贵国。I am looking forward to visiting your country in the near future．
邀请您在您方便的时候来中国访问to invite you to visit China at a time convenient to you
回顾过去looking back；in retrospect；a review of the past
展望未来looking ahead；looking into the future
最后，…… In conclusion／closing…．；Finally…．；Before I conclude…．
我的发言到此结束，谢谢各位!And that concludes my speech．／I'd like to end／conclude my speech, Thank you for your attention．
在热情友好的气氛中 in a cordial and friendly atmosphere
在认真坦率的气氛中 in an earnest and frank atmosphere
结出了丰硕的果实to have borne rich fruits
礼节性／告别拜会to pay a courtesy／farewell call
就要结束在我国的友好访问t0 be about to conclude one’S friendly visit in Our country． !
到机场／车站送人to see sb．off at the airport／railway station
今天我们怀着无限惜别的心情，欢送···… With great reluctance，we bid farewell today to… 在这临别之际，我们有一种恋恋不舍之情。We feel reluctant to leave you at this moment of parting．
感谢您在百忙之中……Thank you SO much for…in spite of the many claims on your time and
Attention |in spite of your busy／tight schedule．
不用谢，这是我们应该做的，还做得不够。It’s our pleasure．And a lot of things might have done better．I'm glad you have enjoyed…
小小意思，不成敬意。This is a token of our appreciation．
欢迎再来。 Do come again．
祝旅途愉快! 1 wish you a pleasant journey．Have a nice trip!
一路平安! Bon voyage!／Have a good flight!／I wish you a pleasant journey．
．Functional Skill：Interpreting Chinese Terms of Address and Titles
(中国职衔翻译法)
在外事活动中，译员经常会遇到职衔的翻译。职衔体现一个人的身份、资历、等级和地位，职衔翻译不当，不仅是对有关个人的不敬，也会产生许多意想不到的后果。因此，译员必须慎重行事。
1．正职头衔翻译法
我国的正职头衔通常以“总……”、“首席……”、“……长”、“……主席”、“……主任”等方式出现，英语一般用chief，general，head，president，chairman，director，commissioner，commander，executive，senior等词来搭配。但究竟选用哪个词应根据英语的表达习惯和汉语的约定俗成来加以确定。
(1)用chief来表示的职衔
总司令；总指挥 Commander-in—Chief
总编辑 Editor-in—Chief
总参谋长 Chief of General Staff
总工程师 Chief Engineer ．
总会计师 Chief Accountant
总建筑师 Chief Architect
总裁判 Chief Referee
图书馆馆长 Chief Librarian
首席法官；审判长 Chief Judge
检察长 Chief Procurator
总裁；首席执行官 Chief Executive Officer(CEO)
首席记者 Chief Correspondent
首席谈判代表 Chief Negotiator司/厅/局/处/科长 Chief／Head of the Departme／Bureau／Division／Section：
县/区/乡/镇长 County／District／Township／Town Chief／Head
(2)用general表示的职衔
总书记 General Secretary
检察长Procurator-general
审计长 Auditor—general
秘书长 。 Secretary-general
总领事 Consul-general
总监 Inspector-general；Chief Inspector
总经理 General Manager
(3)用head表示的职衔
总教练Head Coach
总厨Head Chef
护士长Head Nurse
村长 Village Head
列车长Head of a train crew
代表团团长Head of a delegation
(4)用president表示的职衔
国家主席President
中国科学院院长President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
最高人民法院院长President of the Higher People’S Court
特别法庭庭长President of a special court
南京大学校长 President of Nanjing University
中国人民银行行长President／Governor of the Chinese People’S Bank
协会／学会／理事会会长President of an association／society／council
(5)用chairman表示的职衔
人大常委会委员长 NPC Chairman
政协主席 CPPCC Chairman
中央军委主席 Chairman of the Central Military Commission
政党主席 Chairman of a political party
公司董事长 Chairman of the Board of Directors
大学系主任 Chairman／Dean／Head of a department
(6)用director表示的职衔
总政治部主任Director of the General Political：Department
办公厅主任Director of the General Office
亚洲司司长Director of the Department of Asian Affairs
人民日报社社长Director of the People’S Daily
编译局局长Director of the Compilation and Translation Bureau
研究所所长Director of an institute
博物馆馆长Director of a museum
医院院长Director／President of a hospital
美国学中心主任Director of the American Studies Center
工厂厂长Director of a factory
(7)用cornmissioner表示的职衔
行／公署专员 Commissioner
自治州州长 Commissioner
公安局局长Police Commissioner
(8)用commander表示的职衔
军区司令员 Commander ofa military region
军／师／团／营／连长 Corps／Division／Regiment／Battalion／Company Commander
(9)用executive表示的职衔
执行主席 Executive Chairman
行政／执行秘书 Executive Secretary
(10)用senior表示的职衔
高级工程师 Senior Engineer
高级讲师 Senior Lecturer
高级编辑 Senior Editor
高级农艺师 Senior Agronomist
(11)用其他词表示的职衔
总理Premier；Prime Minister
国务委员 State Councilor
部长 Minister
省长Provincial Governor
顾问 Advisor
财务总监 Financial Comptroler／Controler
2．副职头衔翻译法
英语表示副职的词主要有vice，deputy，associate和assistant等。根据英语的搭配习惯，vice通常与president，premier，chairman，minister，governor等配对使用；deputy一般与chief，head，secretary，mayor，director等配对使用；assistant通常与manager，headmaster等配对使用；associate常常与professor等配对使用。
(1)与前缀、rice一词搭配的职衔
副主席 Vice Chairman
副总理 Vice Premier
副部长 Vice Minister
副省长 Vice Governor
副领事 vice Consul ‘
副校长(中学) Vice Principal
(2)与deputy一词搭配的职衔
副市长Deputy／Vice Mayor
副书记Deputy Secretary
副秘书长Deputy Secretary-general
副检察长Deputy Chief Procurator
副参谋长Deputy Chief of Staff
副行长Deputy Governor
副处／科长Deputy Division／Section Chief副司／所／厂长Deputy Director
副总编Deputy Editor-in—Chief
大学副系主任Deputy Dean／Head of a department
代表团副团长Deputy Head of a delegation
(3)与assistant--词搭配的职衔
部长助理 Assistant Minister
副总经理 Assistant General Manager
中小学副校长 Assistant Headmaster
助理教授 Assistant Professor
助理编辑 ，Assistant Editor
(4)与associate--词搭配的职衔
副教授 Associate Professor
副研究员 Associate Research Fellow
3．“兼"、“代理”、“名誉"等职衔的翻译
(1)“兼”字的翻译，在主职与兼职之间加－and concurrently表示，如：
上海市委书记兼市长Party Secretary and concurrently Mayor of Shanghai
(2)“代理”一词用acting，如：
代主席／总理／市长 Acting President／Premier／Mayor
代主任 Acting Director
(3)“名誉”一词有时用honorary，有时必须用emeritus(荣誉退休的)，如：
名誉主席／会长／顾问Honorary Chairman／Chairman／Advisor
名誉校长／教授 Emeritus President／Professor
Practical Knowledge：Famous Chinese and Foreign Beers，Wines and Liquors(中外名酒)
1．中国名酒
中国的酒文化闻名世界，比较著名的白酒有：茅台酒(50。／54。)、五粮液(30。／52。／62。)、汾酒(60。／65。)、剑南春(60。)、古井贡酒(60。-62。)、董酒(58。／60。)、西凤(65。)、竹叶青(45。)、洋河大曲(55。／62。／64。)、泸州大曲(55~／60。)和双沟特液(39。)等。比较有名的啤酒有：青岛啤酒、特制北京啤酒、上海啤酒、海鸥牌啤酒和雪花啤酒。比较有名的葡萄酒有：王朝葡萄酒、烟台红葡萄酒、中国红葡萄酒、沙城白葡萄酒和民权白葡萄酒。比较有名的黄酒有：加饭酒、花雕酒、沉缸酒和即墨老酒。
2．外国名酒
西方国家酒类繁多，各有风味。一般说来，酒精含量14％以上的酒，称为烈酒(Spirits or Liquor)，如威士忌、杜松子酒、兰姆酒、雪利酒、白兰地等。葡萄酒和啤酒的酒精含量一般都在14％以下。
(1)啤酒(Beer)
世界上啤酒种类繁多，常见的有：
生啤酒Draught Beer 黑啤酒Dark Beer 淡啤酒Ale 姜汁啤酒Ginger Ale
2)葡萄酒(wine)
葡萄酒大致分三种：红(Red)、白(White)、粉(Rosy)。比较著名的葡萄酒有：
法国勃艮弟红酒Burgundy Red 法国波尔多葡萄酒Bordeaux
加来富白葡萄酒Graves 德国白葡萄酒Hock
马拉加白葡萄酒Malaga 莱茵白葡萄酒 Rhine Wine
(3)白兰地(Brandy)
白兰地是一种经过蒸馏的葡萄酒，再经过加上其它果汁发酵制成，酒精含量在45—50％。世界著名的白兰地有： ．
法国科涅克白兰地Cognac 轩尼诗拿破仑Hennessy Napoleon
金路易拿破仑Louis D’or Napoleon 御鹿20年陈白兰地Hine V．S．O．P．
轩尼诗 V．O．Hennessy V．O． 马爹利X．O．Martell X,O．
梅子白兰地Plum Brandy 蜂窝白兰地 Beehive
三星百事吉 Bosquit Three Stars 姜汁白兰地 Ginger Brandy
三星人头马 Remy Martin Three Stars 蓝带 Cordon Bleu
(4)威士忌(Whisky)
威士忌是以玉米为主料，加入其它谷物酿成，酒精含量为40—45％。威士忌需要贮藏三年以上才能饮用。世界著名的威士忌有：
风迪100 100 Pipers Whisky 女神威士忌 Britania
苏格兰威士忌Scotch whisky 美国波旁威士忌 Bourbon whisky
加拿大威士忌Canadian Whisky 苏打威士忌Highball
黑白威士忌 Black and White 白马威士忌White H 建议作更动
皇冠威士忌 Crown Royal 安尼皇冠 Queen Anne
红牌威士忌 Johnnie Walker Red Label 七皇冠 Seven Crown
黑牌威士忌 Johnnie Walker Black Label 格莲格兰特 Glen Grant
(5)鸡尾酒(Cocktails)
鸡尾酒是一种混合饮料(Fancy／Mixed Drink)，它是以各种蒸馏酒(如13兰地、威士忌、杜松子酒、兰姆酒等)为主，加入香料和其它饮料调制而成。常见的鸡尾酒有：
亚历山大 Alexander’ 阿美里卡诺 Americano
马提尼 Martini Cocktail 司令 Gin Sling Cocktail
新加坡司令Singapore Sling Cocktail 雪球 Snow Ball Cocktail
古式 Old Fashioned Cocktail 爱诺格 Egg Nogg Cocktail
粉色佳丽 Pink Lady Cocktail 罗布罗依 Rob Roy Cocktail
血红玛丽 Bloody Mary Cocktail 曼哈顿 Manhattan
白雪公主 White Lady 玫瑰 Rose
(6)其它
朗姆酒rum 杜松子酒gin 伏特加酒vodka，
香槟酒champagne 雪利酒 sherry 味美思酒vermouth
3．外国名酒的鉴别
外国名酒一般在酒瓶上标有贮存年份的标志。熟悉了这些标志的意义，就不难判断出一瓶酒的酒龄了。
(1)星级标志
一星(★) 3-4年
二星(★★) 5年左右
三星(★★-k)5-8年
四星(★★★★)8-10年
五星(★★★★★)10-12年)字母标志
V．O．(Very Old)：12-15年以上 V．V．O．(Very Very Old)：15-18年
V．S．O．(Very Special Old)：18-20年
V．S．O．P．(Very Special Old Pale)：20年以上
V．V．S．O．P．(Very，Very Special Old Pale)：
40年以上 X．O．(Extra Old)：45年以上
E．F．(Extra Fine)：75年以上
好帖
受用
谢谢
好人一个
a bird in the hand is worth two the bush 一鸟在手，胜似二鸟在林
a blank slate 干净的黑板（新的一页，新的开始）
a bone to pick 可挑剔的骨头（争端，不满）
a cat nap 打个盹儿
a chip off the old block 大木头上砍下来的小木片（子肖其父）
a chip on one's shoulder 肩头的木片（自卑感，因为自卑而爱找别人麻烦；喜欢向人挑衅）
a ouch potato 躺椅上的马铃薯（懒鬼）
a cake walk 走去吃糕（易事）
a headache 头痛（麻烦事）
a knock out 击倒（美得让人倾倒）
a load off my mind 心头大石落地
a nut 傻子，疯子
a pain in the neck 脖子疼（苦事）
a piece of cake 一块蛋糕（小菜一碟，易事一件）
a pig 猪猡
a shot in the dark 盲目射击（瞎猜）
a short fuse 引线短（脾气火爆）
a sinking ship 正在下沉的船
a slam dunk 灌篮（轻而易举的事）
a slap in the face 脸上挨了一耳光（公然受辱）
a smoke screen 烟幕
a social butterfly 社交蝴蝶（善于交际，会应酬的人）
a stick in the mud 烂泥中的树枝
a thick skin 厚脸皮
a thorn in someone's side 腰上的荆棘（芒刺在背）
a turn coat 反穿皮袄的人（叛徒）
an uphill battle 上坡作战（在逆境中求胜）
a weight off my shoulders 放下肩头重担
ace 得满分（得到完美的结果）
all ears 全是耳朵（洗耳恭听）
all thumbs 满手都是大拇指（笨手笨脚）
an ace up my sleeve 袖里的王牌
an open and shut case明显的事件
ants in one's pants 裤裆里有蚂蚁（坐立不安）
back in the saddle重上马鞍（重整旗鼓）
back on track重上轨道（改过自新）
backfire逆火（弄巧成拙，适得其反）
ball and chain 铁球铁链，甜蜜的枷（老婆）
beat a dead horse 鞭打死马令其奔驰（徒劳）
beaten by the ugly stick 被丑杖打过（生得难看）
beggar can't be choosers 讨饭的谈不上挑三拣四
bet on it 下这一注稳赢（有把握，无疑）
bet your life 把命赌上（绝对错了）
better half 我的另一半
between a rack and a hard place 进退维谷（前有狼后有虎）
big headed 大脑袋（傲慢，自大）
bigger fish to fry 有更大的鱼要炸（有更重要的事要办）
bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂
bite the bullet 咬子弹（强忍痛苦）
birds of a feather flock together 羽毛相同的鸟总飞成一群（物以类聚）
blow up in you face 在眼前爆炸（事情完全弄砸了）
bologna 胡说，瞎说
break a let 折断一条腿（表演真实，演出成功）
break the ice 破冰（打破僵局）
bright聪明，灵光
brown nose 讨好，谄媚
bug somebody 使人讨厌
bull in a china shop 瓷器店里的蛮牛（笨拙的人，动辄弄坏东西的人）
bump into 撞上（巧遇）
burn brides 烧桥（过河拆桥）
burst your bubble 扎破泡泡（打破人的幻想，煞风景）
bury one's head in the sand把头埋在沙里（自欺欺人）
butterfingers奶油手指（抓不稳东西的人）
butterflies in my stomach肚里有只蝴蝶（心里紧张，七上八下）
buy the farm买下农场（归道山，死了）
call it a night一日事毕，可以睡觉了
can't teach an old dog new tricks老狗学不会新把戏
cash in my chips兑换筹码（睡觉，就寝）
chicken鸡（胆小鬼）
circle the wagons把篷车围成一圈（严阵以待）
clean up one's act自我检点，自我改进
come down in bucket倾盆大雨
come down in sheets整片整片地下（倾盆大雨）
cool your lips冷静下来
cost someone an arm and a leg要花上一条胳膊一条腿（代价昂贵）
count on something /doing something 这事靠得住
count your chickens before they hatch 蛋还没孵化，先数小鸡
crock 破瓦片（无用之物，废话）
cross the line 跨过线（做得太过分了）
cross that bridge when we come to it 到了桥头就过桥（船到桥头自然直）
cry over spilled milk 为泼了牛奶而哭（为过去的失败而懊丧）
cushion the blow 给垫着点儿（说话绵软一点，以免打击太重）
cut to the chase 抄捷径去追猎物（不绕圈子，开门见山，单刀直入）
daily grind 例行苦事，每天得干的苦工
days are numbered 来日无多
dead center 正当中
deadend street 死路，死巷子
dog 狗（丑八怪）
domino effect 骨牌效应
don't hold your breath 别憋着呼吸（别期望太高）
don't look a gift horse in the mouth 赠马不看牙（收人礼物别嫌好道歹）
down to the wire 最后关头
down under 南边（常指面半球的澳洲）
downhill from here 从此都是下坡路（自此每况愈下）
drop the ball 掉了球（失职）
empty nest 空巢（儿女长大离家）
every cloud has a silver lining 乌云也有银边（祸兮福所倚，塞翁失马）
fall into place 落实，就绪
fender bender 撞弯保险杠的车祸（小车祸）
楼主这个帖子不错
希望楼主继续更新
我想考商务英语,就缺资料.
中国的酒文化闻名世界，比较著名的白酒有：茅台酒(50。／54。)、五粮液(30。／52。／62。)、汾酒(60。／65。)、剑南春(60。)、古井贡酒(60。-62。)、董酒(58。／60。)、西凤(65。)、竹叶青(45。)、洋河大曲(55。／62。／64。)、泸州大曲(55~／60。)和双沟特液(39。)等。比较有名的啤酒有：青岛啤酒、特制北京啤酒、上海啤酒、海鸥牌啤酒和雪花啤酒。比较有名的葡萄酒有：王朝葡萄酒、烟台红葡萄酒、中国红葡萄酒、沙城白葡萄酒和民权白葡萄酒。比较有名的黄酒有：加饭酒、花雕酒、沉缸酒和即墨老酒。
》》呵呵，怎么还有这么一段？
记号2
记号3
thank you
thank you so much
I download it already.
thanks
推荐一下:考口译的弟兄可以参考一下新东方的<中高级口译词汇表>,具体名称记不住了,里面的词汇很有用的.都是报纸上或者电视里经常出现的.兄弟我就有一本.
继续加油
